Himachal Pradesh, August to December 2022

First posted
26 August 2026
Field report #6
Version 0.1, draft
Author
Éloïse

Cite as Éloïse (2026). Himachal Pradesh, August to December 2022. Zomia Collective. ZomiaFR6. Version 0.1.

Introduction

This expedition was Zomia Collective’s first sustained survey of the charas producing valleys of Himachal Pradesh. Éloïse travelled alone from late August until November 2022, then spent the weeks before her return flight sorting and packing the seed in Chandigarh. Nothing had been arranged before she arrived. There was no fixer and no contact waiting in the valleys.

The intended route was the old trail from Rumsu over Chanderkhani Pass to Malana. At Rumsu, where the trail starts, Éloïse decided not to cross that year and worked outward from Rumsu instead. The first fields were found on foot, followed by contacts who supplied domesticate seed to sit beside the feral seed collected directly. By the time the expedition ended, the register held 74 accessions from seventeen recorded localities across the Kullu, Parvati and Malana valleys.

The collection ranges from 2,025 m at Bareonah above Lapas to 3,237 m at Sharam Thatch above Tosh-Kutla. Across the three valleys the register repeats the same vertical pattern: village populations and feral plants at the lower recorded point, followed by named fields and selections as the route climbs. The names Vairam, Ja, Oridhar, Chhorang, Goi, Sharam Thatch, Bareonah, Sargi Top, Parla Thatch, Thal, Malndr and Tosco came from people in the valleys and preserve field-scale toponymy in the accession record.

The timing of the collection followed the crop. Small quantities could be removed by hand earlier in the season, while larger quantities became available once charas rubbing began and seed fell from the worked plants. This is why Rasol and Lapas appear twice in the itinerary, weeks apart, and why the survey remained in the valleys through the end of the monsoon and into November.

Expedition map

  1. 29 August 2022 to 30 August 2022Delhitransit

    No contact or fixer had been arranged in the valleys. She was staying in Paharganj, by the main railway station, and on 30 August bought the ticket north there and took the train that afternoon.

  2. 30 August 2022 to 31 August 2022ChandigarhtransitRecorded route from Delhi.

    Reached by train from Delhi after dark, with a night at Daria, a village by the station. The next morning feral plants near the bus station were photographed before the bus on to Manali.

    Travel: train

  3. 31 August 2022 to 1 September 2022ManalisettlementRecorded route from Chandigarh.

    One night in Manali after the bus up from Chandigarh.

    Travel: bus

  4. 1 September 2022NaggartransitRecorded route from Manali.

    Local bus down from Manali on the morning of 1 September, and the walk up to Rumsu began from the Naggar road.

    Travel: local bus

  5. 1 September 2022 to 6 September 2022RumsusettlementRecorded route from Naggar.

    Base for the Kullu Valley phase; the four Rumsu accessions were collected from 1 to 6 September and the Chanderkhani crossing was decided against here.

    Travel: on foot

    Rumsu General Population 2022Rumsu 'Village' Selection 2022Rumsu 'Upper' Selection 2022Rumsu Feral Selection 2022

  6. 4 September 2022 to 5 September 2022PulagsettlementRoute from Rumsu is reconstructed, approximate.

    Deeper into the valley on the Rumsu side. Éloïse visited the village on the afternoon of 4 September, before Hallan, and walked up from Rumsu to its upper fields the next day. The upper selection came from those fields, at about 2,400 m, the highest ground of the Kullu phase.

    Travel: by car, then on foot into the village

    Pulag General Population 2022Pulag 'Village' Selection 2022Pulag 'Upper' Selection 2022Pulag Feral Selection 2022

  7. 4 September 2022HallansettlementRoute from Rumsu is reconstructed, approximate.

    The same afternoon as Pulag, after it, by car and then on foot into the village; two village accessions, with the high fields above the village unvisited.

    Travel: by car, then on foot into the village

    Hallan General Population 2022Hallan 'Village' Selection 2022

  8. 6 September 2022KasoltransitRecorded route from Rumsu.

    Out of the Kullu Valley by a lift down to Kullu from her contact and a tuk tuk on to Kasol. She remembers a night there before the walk to Grahan.

    Travel: lift by car to Kullu, then tuk tuk

  9. 7 September 2022 to 14 September 2022GrahansettlementRecorded route from Kasol.

    Walked in from Kasol by the old jungle way through Pulgi and met Ravi on arrival; eight dated collecting days worked outward from the village, Pulgi among them on the 12th.

    Travel: on foot, by the old jungle way through Pulgi

    Grahan General Population 2022Grahan 'Village' Selection 2022Grahan 'Riverside' Selection 2022Grahan 'Lower Terraces' Selection 2022Grahan 'Kutla' Selection 2022Grahan 'Pulgi' Selection 2022Grahan Feral Selection 2022Grahan 'Upper Terraces' Selection 2022Grahan 'Topside' Selection 2022Grahan 'Topside Purple Pheno' Selection 2022

  10. 13 September 2022ThunjafieldNo established route from Grahan. The map draws no line for this leg.

    A day out from Grahan to the Thunja fields at 2,458 m.

    Grahan 'Thunja' Selection 2022

  11. 16 September 2022 to 17 September 2022RasolsettlementNo established route from Grahan. The map draws no line for this leg.

    First visit, still there on the 17th; feral seed and her own field selections came on this pass and the general population on the return in November.

    Rasol 'Vairam' Selection 2022Rasol 'Vairam Top' Selection 2022Rasol 'Ja' Selection 2022Rasol 'Oridhar' Selection 2022Rasol Feral Selection 2022

  12. between 17 and 21 September 2022, undatedKasol and ManikarantransitNo established route from Rasol. The map draws no line for this leg.

    Some days around Kasol on the way up to Tosh. She remembers a day at Manikaran. The map marks Kasol.

  13. 21 September 2022ToshsettlementNo established route from Kasol and Manikaran. The map draws no line for this leg.

    Village, upper and feral collections at 2,535 to 2,639 m, the shortest climb recorded on the expedition.

    Tosh General Population 2022Tosh 'Village' Selection 2022Tosh 'Upper' Selection 2022Tosh Feral Selection 2022

  14. late September to early November 2022, undatedTosh-KutlasettlementNo established route from Tosh. The map draws no line for this leg.

    Eight accessions from Kutla and the named fields above it, up to Sharam Thatch at 3,237 m, the highest ground of the expedition; undated, and placed after Tosh in the sequence without a date to fix it.

    Tosh-Kutla 'Village' General Population 2022Tosh-Kutla 'Village' Selection 2022Tosh-Kutla 'Goi' Selection 2022Tosh-Kutla 'Goi Black' Selection 2022Tosh-Kutla 'Chhorang' Selection 2022Tosh-Kutla 'Chhorang Black' Selection 2022Tosh-Kutla 'Sharam Thatch' Selection 2022Tosh-Kutla 'Sharam Thatch' Feral Selection 2022

  15. 2 October 2022LapassettlementNo established route from Tosh-Kutla. The map draws no line for this leg.

    First visit to the village and the fields above it; feral seed and her own selections came on this pass and the general population on the return on 1 November.

    Lapas ‘Upper’ Selection 2022Lapas ‘Sargi Top’ Selection 2022Lapas ‘Bareonah’ Selection 2022Lapas ‘Tiny Seed’ Feral Selection 2022Lapas ‘Feral' Selection 2022Lapas ‘Big Seed’ Feral Selection 2022

  16. late September to early November 2022, undatedGoharfieldNo established route from Lapas. The map draws no line for this leg.

    One accession from the Parla Thatch field at 2,976 m; undated, and placed in the Parvati high-field stretch without a date to fix it.

    Gohar 'Parla Thatch' Selection 2022

  17. 6 October 2022GrahansettlementNo established route from Gohar. The map draws no line for this leg.

    Return to Grahan, which became her base; no collecting was done on this visit and no accession carries its date.

  18. 10 October 2022MalanasettlementRoute from Grahan is reconstructed, approximate.

    Entry to the Malana Valley by the road side of the valley, the pass having been decided against at Rumsu; village, feral and the Malndr and Tosco selections.

    Malana 'Village' General Population 2022Malana 'Village' Selection 2022Malana 'Tosco' Selection 2022Malana 'Malndr' Selection 2022Malana Feral Selection 2022

  19. between 10 and 11 October 2022, passed throughNirangtransitNo established route from Malana. The map draws no line for this leg.

    The taxi stand and main road of the valley, passed through on the way from Malana up to Waichin.

  20. 11 October 2022WaichinsettlementNo established route from Nirang. The map draws no line for this leg.

    Village, upper and Thal collections at 2,891 to 3,132 m, with a stay of some days that ended when she ran out of money.

    Waichin General Population 2022Waichin 'Village' Selection 2022Waichin 'Upper' Selection 2022Waichin 'Thal' Selection 2022Waichin 'Thal' Feral Selection 2022Waichin Feral Selection 2022

  21. 23 October 2022 to 26 October 2022Bhutoling and NirangsettlementRoute from Waichin is reconstructed, approximate.

    Back down from Waichin to the cheaper base at Bhutoling and Nirang, from which the five Nirang accessions were worked; the position given is Nirang's, and Bhutoling, the old village above it, is not separately placed.

    Nirang General Population 2022Nirang 'Bhutoling' Selection 2022Nirang 'Top' Selection 2022Nirang 'Black' Selection 2022Nirang 'Feral' Selection 2022

  22. 27 October 2022AtolangsettlementNo established route from Bhutoling and Nirang. The map draws no line for this leg.

    Last recorded Malana Valley collecting stop; village, upper, feral and the Kishan's selection at 2,779 to 3,062 m.

    Atolang General Population 2022Atolang 'Village' Selection 2022Atolang 'Upper' Selection 2022Atolang 'Kishan's' Selection 2022Atolang Feral Selection 2022

  23. 1 November 2022LapassettlementNo established route from Atolang. The map draws no line for this leg.

    Return for the seed released by rubbing; the general population came on this pass.

    Lapas Village General Population 2022

  24. 8 November 2022RasolsettlementNo established route from Lapas. The map draws no line for this leg.

    Return for ripe seed after the September visit; the general population came on this pass.

    Rasol General Population 2022

  25. November 2022 to 11 December 2022ChandigarhtransitNo established route from Rasol. The map draws no line for this leg.

    A good few weeks packing the seed for the flight to France on 11 December.

An authored route of 25 stops, numbered below in order. A solid line is a recorded leg between two stops, a dashed line is reconstructed and approximate, and no line means the route between two stops is not established.

Itinerary

  1. 30 August 2022

    Delhi

    A ticket north bought at the station, with no contact or fixer arranged in the valleys, then the train to Chandigarh that afternoon.

  2. 30 August 2022

    Chandigarh

    Arrival after dark and a night at Daria, a village by the station.

  3. 31 August 2022

    Chandigarh and Manali

    The bus on to Manali; the day's photographs are the Chandigarh bus station, taken while she waited for it.

  4. 2022-09-01 to 2022-09-06

    Rumsu, Pulag and Hallan

    First independent field work, with collections made from 1 to 6 September.

  5. 6 September 2022

    Kasol

    Descent from Kullu and transit into the Parvati Valley.

  6. 2022-09-07 to 2022-09-14

    Grahan, Pulgi and Thunja

    Eleven accessions across village, riverside, terrace and high-field ground.

  7. 16 September 2022

    Rasol

    First visit, before the seed crop had fully ripened.

  8. 21 September 2022

    Tosh

    Village and upper-field survey.

  9. 2 October 2022

    Lapas

    First visit to the village and fields above it.

  10. 6 October 2022

    Grahan

    Return visit during the advancing charas season.

  11. 10 October 2022

    Malana

    Entry by the road side of the valley rather than over Chanderkhani Pass.

  12. 11 October 2022

    Waichin

    Work began in the upper Malana Valley settlements.

  13. 23 October 2022

    Bhutoling

    Work from the lower-cost base around Nirang.

  14. 26 October 2022

    Nirang

    Village, field and feral collections.

  15. 27 October 2022

    Atolang

    Final recorded Malana Valley collecting stop.

  16. 1 November 2022

    Lapas

    Return for seed released during charas rubbing.

  17. 8 November 2022

    Rasol

    Return for ripe seed after the September visit.

  18. 2022-11-09 to 2022-12-11

    Chandigarh and return to France

    Several weeks spent sorting and packing the collections before the flight.

The survey

Rumsu, 1 to 6 September

Rumsu was the first collecting locality. Éloïse worked through the apple orchards around the village and climbed toward the Chanderkhani route, where the upper fields supplied domesticate material. The village and feral selections were collected at 2,050 m and the Upper selection at 2,250 m.

Rumsu General Population 2022

ZOM-IND-HIM-0920220001

Landrace · General population

Rumsu · 2,050 m

#1

Classification

Classification
Landrace
Accession Type
General population
Selection Type
Not recorded
Sexual Character
Dioecious
Pollination Type
Open pollination
Flowering Time
16 to 20 weeks
Plant Height
1.5 to 3 m
Photoperiod
Short-day
Chemotype
Not recorded

Botanical

Growth Pattern
Columnar
Branching
Apical dominant
Leaf
Intermediate
Leaflets
7, 9
Leaf Colour
Dark greens, Purples
Stem Colour
Dark greens
Stigma Colour
Not recorded
Serration
Shallow
Flower Structure
Loose, Running

Aroma and effects

Aroma
Mango and carrot with a faint coppery note, the odd plant closer to dairy, sometimes gassy.
Effect
Not recorded

Processing and purpose

Processing
Charas
Processing Notes
Hand-rubbed charas in cream and business grades; the method is in the report.
Purpose
Multipurpose

Geography

Growing Region
Western Himalayas
Growing Area
Kullu Valley
Appellation
Chanderkhani Valley
Country
India
Province
Himachal Pradesh
District
Kullu District
Tehsil
Kullu Tehsil
Block
Naggar Block
Locality
Rumsu
Field
Not recorded
Coordinates
32.114230, 77.179084
Elevation
2,050 m
Aspect
NW, N, NE

Traditional name

Local Name
गाँजा
Pronunciation
Gāñjā
Translation
Not recorded
Synonyms
Not recorded

Collection

Method
Seeds
Sourcing Type
Point of origin
Autochthonous
Yes
Collection Date
6 September 2022
Harvest Date
2021
Collector
Éloïse
Farmer
Tek Chand (name changed)
Expedition
Himachal 2022
Note
Seed separated out by the farmer at the collector's asking and handed over at his house on 6 September 2022, most likely from the 2021 harvest and kept on hand by him or a relative.

Cultivation

Cultivation System
Semi-feral, Intercropped
Scale
Widespread regional cultivation
Seed Sourcing
Seeds are grown on the farm
Planting Method
Broadcasting
Cycle 1 planting
March to May
Cycle 1 harvest
September to December
Cycle 2 planting
Not applicable
Cycle 2 harvest
Not applicable
Soil Type
Not recorded
Soil pH
Not recorded

Population

Estimate
Not recorded
Male to Female
10
Hermaphroditism
0
Culling
Some
Introgression
Reported nearby

Conservation

Priority
Medium
Cultivation Status
Active
Enforcement
Active eradication campaigns
Eradication Date
Not recorded

Cultivation details

The recorded population ranged from 1.5 to 3 m in height, with a flowering period of 16 to 20 weeks.

Rumsu 'Village' Selection 2022

ZOM-IND-HIM-0920220002

Landrace · Selection, multiple plants

Rumsu · 2,050 m

#2

Classification

Classification
Landrace
Accession Type
Selection
Selection Type
Multiple plants
Sexual Character
Dioecious
Pollination Type
Open pollination
Flowering Time
16 to 20 weeks
Plant Height
1.5 to 3 m
Photoperiod
Short-day
Chemotype
Not recorded

Botanical

Growth Pattern
Columnar
Branching
Apical dominant
Leaf
Intermediate
Leaflets
7, 9
Leaf Colour
Dark greens, Purples
Stem Colour
Dark greens
Stigma Colour
Not recorded
Serration
Shallow
Flower Structure
Loose, Running

Aroma and effects

Aroma
Mango and carrot with a faint coppery note, the odd plant closer to dairy, sometimes gassy.
Effect
Not recorded

Processing and purpose

Processing
Charas
Processing Notes
Hand-rubbed charas in cream and business grades; the method is in the report.
Purpose
Multipurpose

Geography

Growing Region
Western Himalayas
Growing Area
Kullu Valley
Appellation
Chanderkhani Valley
Country
India
Province
Himachal Pradesh
District
Kullu District
Tehsil
Kullu Tehsil
Block
Naggar Block
Locality
Rumsu
Field
Not recorded
Coordinates
32.114230, 77.179084
Elevation
2,050 m
Aspect
NW, N, NE

Traditional name

Local Name
गाँजा
Pronunciation
Gāñjā
Translation
Not recorded
Synonyms
Not recorded

Collection

Method
Seeds
Sourcing Type
Point of origin
Autochthonous
Yes
Collection Date
3 September 2022
Harvest Date
2022
Collector
Éloïse
Farmer
Not recorded
Expedition
Himachal 2022

Cultivation

Cultivation System
Semi-feral, Intercropped
Scale
Widespread regional cultivation
Seed Sourcing
Seeds are grown on the farm
Planting Method
Broadcasting
Cycle 1 planting
Not recorded
Cycle 1 harvest
Not recorded
Cycle 2 planting
Not recorded
Cycle 2 harvest
Not recorded
Soil Type
Not recorded
Soil pH
Not recorded

Population

Estimate
Not recorded
Male to Female
10
Hermaphroditism
0
Culling
Some
Introgression
Reported nearby

Conservation

Priority
Medium
Cultivation Status
Active
Enforcement
Active eradication campaigns
Eradication Date
Not recorded

Cultivation details

The recorded population ranged from 1.5 to 3 m in height, with a flowering period of 16 to 20 weeks.

Rumsu 'Upper' Selection 2022

ZOM-IND-HIM-0920220003

Landrace · Selection, multiple plants

Rumsu · 2,250 m

#3

Classification

Classification
Landrace
Accession Type
Selection
Selection Type
Multiple plants
Sexual Character
Dioecious
Pollination Type
Open pollination
Flowering Time
16 to 20 weeks
Plant Height
1.5 to 3 m
Photoperiod
Short-day
Chemotype
Not recorded

Botanical

Growth Pattern
Columnar
Branching
Apical dominant
Leaf
Intermediate
Leaflets
7, 9
Leaf Colour
Dark greens, Purples
Stem Colour
Dark greens
Stigma Colour
Not recorded
Serration
Shallow
Flower Structure
Loose, Running

Aroma and effects

Aroma
Mango and carrot with a faint coppery note, the odd plant closer to dairy, sometimes gassy.
Effect
Cream from these fields, a year old, as smoked: gradual, long, a body and mind high with a head high on top. Éloïse's account, not a test.

Processing and purpose

Processing
Charas
Processing Notes
Hand-rubbed charas in cream and business grades; the method is in the report.
Purpose
Multipurpose

Geography

Growing Region
Western Himalayas
Growing Area
Kullu Valley
Appellation
Chanderkhani Valley
Country
India
Province
Himachal Pradesh
District
Kullu District
Tehsil
Kullu Tehsil
Block
Naggar Block
Locality
Rumsu
Field
Not recorded
Coordinates
32.108497, 77.184894
Elevation
2,250 m
Aspect
N, NE

Traditional name

Local Name
गाँजा
Pronunciation
Gāñjā
Translation
Not recorded
Synonyms
Not recorded

Collection

Method
Seeds
Sourcing Type
Point of origin
Autochthonous
Yes
Collection Date
5 September 2022
Harvest Date
2022
Collector
Éloïse
Farmer
Not recorded
Expedition
Himachal 2022

Cultivation

Cultivation System
Rotating, Monocropped
Scale
Widespread regional cultivation
Seed Sourcing
Seeds are grown on the farm
Planting Method
Broadcasting
Cycle 1 planting
March to May
Cycle 1 harvest
September to December
Cycle 2 planting
Not applicable
Cycle 2 harvest
Not applicable
Soil Type
Not recorded
Soil pH
Not recorded

Population

Estimate
Not recorded
Male to Female
10
Hermaphroditism
0
Culling
Some
Introgression
Reported nearby

Conservation

Priority
Medium
Cultivation Status
Active
Enforcement
Active eradication campaigns
Eradication Date
Not recorded

Cultivation details

The recorded population ranged from 1.5 to 3 m in height, with a flowering period of 16 to 20 weeks.

Rumsu Feral Selection 2022

ZOM-IND-HIM-0920220004

Feral · Selection, multiple plants

Rumsu · 2,050 m

#4

Classification

Classification
Feral
Accession Type
Selection
Selection Type
Multiple plants
Sexual Character
Dioecious
Pollination Type
Open pollination
Flowering Time
16 to 20 weeks
Plant Height
1.5 to 3 m
Photoperiod
Short-day
Chemotype
Not recorded

Botanical

Growth Pattern
Christmas tree
Branching
Apical dominant
Leaf
Intermediate
Leaflets
7, 9
Leaf Colour
Dark greens
Stem Colour
Reds
Stigma Colour
Not recorded
Serration
Shallow
Flower Structure
Loose, Running

Aroma and effects

Aroma
Not recorded
Effect
Not recorded

Processing and purpose

Processing
Charas
Processing Notes
Hand-rubbed charas in cream and business grades; the method is in the report.
Purpose
Not recorded

Geography

Growing Region
Western Himalayas
Growing Area
Kullu Valley
Appellation
Chanderkhani Valley
Country
India
Province
Himachal Pradesh
District
Kullu District
Tehsil
Kullu Tehsil
Block
Naggar Block
Locality
Rumsu
Field
Not recorded
Coordinates
32.114230, 77.179084
Elevation
2,050 m
Aspect
NW, N, NE

Traditional name

Local Name
जंगली भांग
Pronunciation
Junglī bhāng
Translation
Not recorded
Synonyms
Not recorded

Collection

Method
Seeds
Sourcing Type
Point of origin
Autochthonous
Yes
Collection Date
3 September 2022
Harvest Date
2022
Collector
Éloïse
Farmer
Not recorded
Expedition
Himachal 2022
Note
Males about half of the volunteers by the collector's eye, ruled 10 September 2026; her 2022 sheet had 10 percent.

Cultivation

Cultivation System
Feral
Scale
Widespread feral populations
Seed Sourcing
Population is self reproducing
Planting Method
Self reproducing
Cycle 1 planting
Not recorded
Cycle 1 harvest
Not recorded
Cycle 2 planting
Not recorded
Cycle 2 harvest
Not recorded
Soil Type
Not recorded
Soil pH
Not recorded

Population

Estimate
Not recorded
Male to Female
50
Hermaphroditism
0
Culling
No
Introgression
Reported nearby

Conservation

Priority
Low
Cultivation Status
Active
Enforcement
Active eradication campaigns
Eradication Date
Not recorded

Cultivation details

The recorded population ranged from 1.5 to 3 m in height, with a flowering period of 16 to 20 weeks.

Pulag, 4 and 5 September

Pulag followed the same climb at a slightly higher base. The village and feral material was collected at 2,200 m, while the Upper selection at about 2,400 m came from the fields toward Chanderkhani, some 200 m above the village.

Pulag General Population 2022

ZOM-IND-HIM-0920220005

Landrace · General population

Pulag · 2,200 m

#1

Classification

Classification
Landrace
Accession Type
General population
Selection Type
Not recorded
Sexual Character
Dioecious
Pollination Type
Open pollination
Flowering Time
16 to 20 weeks
Plant Height
1.5 to 3 m
Photoperiod
Short-day
Chemotype
Not recorded

Botanical

Growth Pattern
Columnar
Branching
Apical dominant
Leaf
Intermediate
Leaflets
7, 9
Leaf Colour
Dark greens, Purples
Stem Colour
Dark greens
Stigma Colour
Not recorded
Serration
Shallow
Flower Structure
Loose, Running

Aroma and effects

Aroma
Mango and carrot with a faint coppery note, the odd plant closer to dairy, sometimes gassy.
Effect
Not recorded

Processing and purpose

Processing
Charas
Processing Notes
Hand-rubbed charas in cream and business grades; the method is in the report.
Purpose
Multipurpose

Geography

Growing Region
Western Himalayas
Growing Area
Kullu Valley
Appellation
Chanderkhani Valley
Country
India
Province
Himachal Pradesh
District
Kullu District
Tehsil
Kullu Tehsil
Block
Naggar Block
Locality
Pulag
Field
Not recorded
Coordinates
32.106022, 77.198350
Elevation
2,200 m
Aspect
N, NE

Traditional name

Local Name
गाँजा
Pronunciation
Gāñjā
Translation
Not recorded
Synonyms
Not recorded

Collection

Method
Seeds
Sourcing Type
Point of origin
Autochthonous
Yes
Collection Date
4 September 2022
Harvest Date
2021
Collector
Éloïse
Farmer
Farmers met at Pulag, unnamed
Expedition
Himachal 2022
Note
Collected on the afternoon of 4 September 2022 with the other Pulag and Hallan rows, on the collector's account and the frames of the 4th and 5th; the sheet had carried the 5th.

Cultivation

Cultivation System
Semi-feral, Intercropped
Scale
Widespread regional cultivation
Seed Sourcing
Seeds are grown on the farm
Planting Method
Broadcasting
Cycle 1 planting
March to May
Cycle 1 harvest
September to December
Cycle 2 planting
Not applicable
Cycle 2 harvest
Not applicable
Soil Type
Not recorded
Soil pH
Not recorded

Population

Estimate
Not recorded
Male to Female
10
Hermaphroditism
0
Culling
Some
Introgression
Reported nearby

Conservation

Priority
Medium
Cultivation Status
Active
Enforcement
Active eradication campaigns
Eradication Date
Not recorded

Cultivation details

The recorded population ranged from 1.5 to 3 m in height, with a flowering period of 16 to 20 weeks.

Pulag 'Village' Selection 2022

ZOM-IND-HIM-0920220006

Landrace · Selection, multiple plants

Pulag · 2,200 m

#2

Classification

Classification
Landrace
Accession Type
Selection
Selection Type
Multiple plants
Sexual Character
Dioecious
Pollination Type
Open pollination
Flowering Time
16 to 20 weeks
Plant Height
1.5 to 3 m
Photoperiod
Short-day
Chemotype
Not recorded

Botanical

Growth Pattern
Columnar
Branching
Apical dominant
Leaf
Intermediate
Leaflets
7, 9
Leaf Colour
Dark greens, Purples
Stem Colour
Dark greens
Stigma Colour
Not recorded
Serration
Shallow
Flower Structure
Loose, Running

Aroma and effects

Aroma
Mango and carrot with a faint coppery note, the odd plant closer to dairy, sometimes gassy.
Effect
Not recorded

Processing and purpose

Processing
Charas
Processing Notes
Hand-rubbed charas in cream and business grades; the method is in the report.
Purpose
Multipurpose

Geography

Growing Region
Western Himalayas
Growing Area
Kullu Valley
Appellation
Chanderkhani Valley
Country
India
Province
Himachal Pradesh
District
Kullu District
Tehsil
Kullu Tehsil
Block
Naggar Block
Locality
Pulag
Field
Not recorded
Coordinates
32.106022, 77.198350
Elevation
2,200 m
Aspect
N, NE

Traditional name

Local Name
गाँजा
Pronunciation
Gāñjā
Translation
Not recorded
Synonyms
Not recorded

Collection

Method
Seeds
Sourcing Type
Point of origin
Autochthonous
Yes
Collection Date
4 September 2022
Harvest Date
2022
Collector
Éloïse
Farmer
Not recorded
Expedition
Himachal 2022

Cultivation

Cultivation System
Semi-feral, Intercropped
Scale
Widespread regional cultivation
Seed Sourcing
Seeds are grown on the farm
Planting Method
Broadcasting
Cycle 1 planting
March to May
Cycle 1 harvest
September to December
Cycle 2 planting
Not applicable
Cycle 2 harvest
Not applicable
Soil Type
Not recorded
Soil pH
Not recorded

Population

Estimate
Not recorded
Male to Female
10
Hermaphroditism
0
Culling
Some
Introgression
Reported nearby

Conservation

Priority
Medium
Cultivation Status
Active
Enforcement
Active eradication campaigns
Eradication Date
Not recorded

Cultivation details

The recorded population ranged from 1.5 to 3 m in height, with a flowering period of 16 to 20 weeks.

Pulag 'Upper' Selection 2022

ZOM-IND-HIM-0920220007

Landrace · Selection, multiple plants

Pulag · 2,400 m

#3

Classification

Classification
Landrace
Accession Type
Selection
Selection Type
Multiple plants
Sexual Character
Dioecious
Pollination Type
Open pollination
Flowering Time
16 to 20 weeks
Plant Height
1.5 to 3 m
Photoperiod
Short-day
Chemotype
Not recorded

Botanical

Growth Pattern
Columnar
Branching
Apical dominant
Leaf
Intermediate
Leaflets
7, 9
Leaf Colour
Dark greens, Purples
Stem Colour
Dark greens
Stigma Colour
Not recorded
Serration
Shallow
Flower Structure
Loose, Running

Aroma and effects

Aroma
Mango and carrot with a faint coppery note, the odd plant closer to dairy, sometimes gassy.
Effect
Not recorded

Processing and purpose

Processing
Charas
Processing Notes
Hand-rubbed charas in cream and business grades; the method is in the report.
Purpose
Multipurpose

Geography

Growing Region
Western Himalayas
Growing Area
Kullu Valley
Appellation
Chanderkhani Valley
Country
India
Province
Himachal Pradesh
District
Kullu District
Tehsil
Kullu Tehsil
Block
Naggar Block
Locality
Pulag
Field
Not recorded
Coordinates
32.103026, 77.199878
Elevation
2,400 m
Aspect
N, NE

Traditional name

Local Name
गाँजा
Pronunciation
Gāñjā
Translation
Not recorded
Synonyms
Not recorded

Collection

Method
Seeds
Sourcing Type
Point of origin
Autochthonous
Yes
Collection Date
5 September 2022
Harvest Date
2022
Collector
Éloïse
Farmer
Not recorded
Expedition
Himachal 2022

Cultivation

Cultivation System
Rotating, Monocropped
Scale
Widespread regional cultivation
Seed Sourcing
Seeds are grown on the farm
Planting Method
Broadcasting
Cycle 1 planting
March to May
Cycle 1 harvest
September to December
Cycle 2 planting
Not applicable
Cycle 2 harvest
Not applicable
Soil Type
Not recorded
Soil pH
Not recorded

Population

Estimate
Not recorded
Male to Female
10
Hermaphroditism
0
Culling
Some
Introgression
Reported nearby

Conservation

Priority
Medium
Cultivation Status
Active
Enforcement
Active eradication campaigns
Eradication Date
Not recorded

Cultivation details

The recorded population ranged from 1.5 to 3 m in height, with a flowering period of 16 to 20 weeks.

Pulag Feral Selection 2022

ZOM-IND-HIM-0920220008

Feral · Selection, multiple plants

Pulag · 2,200 m

#4

Classification

Classification
Feral
Accession Type
Selection
Selection Type
Multiple plants
Sexual Character
Dioecious
Pollination Type
Open pollination
Flowering Time
16 to 20 weeks
Plant Height
1.5 to 3 m
Photoperiod
Short-day
Chemotype
Not recorded

Botanical

Growth Pattern
Christmas tree
Branching
Apical dominant
Leaf
Intermediate
Leaflets
7, 9
Leaf Colour
Dark greens
Stem Colour
Reds
Stigma Colour
Not recorded
Serration
Shallow
Flower Structure
Loose, Running

Aroma and effects

Aroma
Not recorded
Effect
Not recorded

Processing and purpose

Processing
Charas
Processing Notes
Hand-rubbed charas in cream and business grades; the method is in the report.
Purpose
Not recorded

Geography

Growing Region
Western Himalayas
Growing Area
Kullu Valley
Appellation
Chanderkhani Valley
Country
India
Province
Himachal Pradesh
District
Kullu District
Tehsil
Kullu Tehsil
Block
Naggar Block
Locality
Pulag
Field
Not recorded
Coordinates
32.106022, 77.198350
Elevation
2,200 m
Aspect
N, NE

Traditional name

Local Name
जंगली भांग
Pronunciation
Junglī bhāng
Translation
Not recorded
Synonyms
Not recorded

Collection

Method
Seeds
Sourcing Type
Point of origin
Autochthonous
Yes
Collection Date
4 September 2022
Harvest Date
2022
Collector
Éloïse
Farmer
Not recorded
Expedition
Himachal 2022
Note
Males about half of the volunteers by the collector's eye, ruled 10 September 2026; her 2022 sheet had 30 percent.

Cultivation

Cultivation System
Feral
Scale
Widespread feral populations
Seed Sourcing
Population is self reproducing
Planting Method
Self reproducing
Cycle 1 planting
March to May
Cycle 1 harvest
September to December
Cycle 2 planting
Not applicable
Cycle 2 harvest
Not applicable
Soil Type
Not recorded
Soil pH
Not recorded

Population

Estimate
Not recorded
Male to Female
50
Hermaphroditism
0
Culling
No
Introgression
Reported nearby

Conservation

Priority
Low
Cultivation Status
Active
Enforcement
Active eradication campaigns
Eradication Date
Not recorded

Cultivation details

The recorded population ranged from 1.5 to 3 m in height, with a flowering period of 16 to 20 weeks.

Hallan, 4 September

Hallan followed Pulag on the afternoon of 4 September, with two accessions from 2,275 m, one general population and one village selection. On 6 September Éloïse took a lift from Rumsu toward Kullu and continued by tuk tuk to Kasol.

Hallan General Population 2022

ZOM-IND-HIM-0920220009

Landrace · General population

Hallan · 2,275 m

#1

Classification

Classification
Landrace
Accession Type
General population
Selection Type
Not recorded
Sexual Character
Dioecious
Pollination Type
Open pollination
Flowering Time
16 to 20 weeks
Plant Height
1.5 to 3 m
Photoperiod
Short-day
Chemotype
Not recorded

Botanical

Growth Pattern
Columnar
Branching
Apical dominant
Leaf
Intermediate
Leaflets
7, 9
Leaf Colour
Dark greens, Purples
Stem Colour
Dark greens
Stigma Colour
Not recorded
Serration
Shallow
Flower Structure
Loose, Running

Aroma and effects

Aroma
Mango and carrot with a faint coppery note, the odd plant closer to dairy, sometimes gassy.
Effect
Not recorded

Processing and purpose

Processing
Charas
Processing Notes
Hand-rubbed charas in cream and business grades; the method is in the report.
Purpose
Multipurpose

Geography

Growing Region
Western Himalayas
Growing Area
Kullu Valley
Appellation
Chanderkhani Valley
Country
India
Province
Himachal Pradesh
District
Kullu District
Tehsil
Kullu Tehsil
Block
Naggar Block
Locality
Hallan
Field
Not recorded
Coordinates
32.121938, 77.193850
Elevation
2,275 m
Aspect
SW

Traditional name

Local Name
गाँजा
Pronunciation
Gāñjā
Translation
Not recorded
Synonyms
Not recorded

Collection

Method
Seeds
Sourcing Type
Point of origin
Autochthonous
Yes
Collection Date
4 September 2022
Harvest Date
2021
Collector
Éloïse
Farmer
Friends of Roshan Thakur (name changed)
Expedition
Himachal 2022
Note
Collected on the afternoon of 4 September 2022 with the other Pulag and Hallan rows, on the collector's account and the frames of the 4th and 5th; the sheet had carried the 5th.

Cultivation

Cultivation System
Semi-feral, Intercropped
Scale
Widespread regional cultivation
Seed Sourcing
Seeds are grown on the farm
Planting Method
Broadcasting
Cycle 1 planting
Not recorded
Cycle 1 harvest
Not recorded
Cycle 2 planting
Not recorded
Cycle 2 harvest
Not recorded
Soil Type
Not recorded
Soil pH
Not recorded

Population

Estimate
Not recorded
Male to Female
10
Hermaphroditism
0
Culling
Some
Introgression
Reported nearby

Conservation

Priority
Medium
Cultivation Status
Active
Enforcement
Active eradication campaigns
Eradication Date
Not recorded

Cultivation details

The recorded population ranged from 1.5 to 3 m in height, with a flowering period of 16 to 20 weeks.

Hallan 'Village' Selection 2022

ZOM-IND-HIM-0920220010

Landrace · Selection, multiple plants

Hallan · 2,275 m

#2

Classification

Classification
Landrace
Accession Type
Selection
Selection Type
Multiple plants
Sexual Character
Dioecious
Pollination Type
Open pollination
Flowering Time
16 to 20 weeks
Plant Height
1.5 to 3 m
Photoperiod
Short-day
Chemotype
Not recorded

Botanical

Growth Pattern
Columnar
Branching
Apical dominant
Leaf
Intermediate
Leaflets
7, 9
Leaf Colour
Dark greens, Purples
Stem Colour
Dark greens
Stigma Colour
Not recorded
Serration
Shallow
Flower Structure
Loose, Running

Aroma and effects

Aroma
Mango and carrot with a faint coppery note, the odd plant closer to dairy, sometimes gassy.
Effect
Not recorded

Processing and purpose

Processing
Charas
Processing Notes
Hand-rubbed charas in cream and business grades; the method is in the report.
Purpose
Multipurpose

Geography

Growing Region
Western Himalayas
Growing Area
Kullu Valley
Appellation
Chanderkhani Valley
Country
India
Province
Himachal Pradesh
District
Kullu District
Tehsil
Kullu Tehsil
Block
Naggar Block
Locality
Hallan
Field
Not recorded
Coordinates
32.121938, 77.193850
Elevation
2,275 m
Aspect
SW

Traditional name

Local Name
गाँजा
Pronunciation
Gāñjā
Translation
Not recorded
Synonyms
Not recorded

Collection

Method
Seeds
Sourcing Type
Point of origin
Autochthonous
Yes
Collection Date
4 September 2022
Harvest Date
2022
Collector
Éloïse
Farmer
Not recorded
Expedition
Himachal 2022
Note
Collected on the afternoon of 4 September 2022 with the other Pulag and Hallan rows, on the collector's account and the frames of the 4th and 5th; the sheet had carried the 5th.

Cultivation

Cultivation System
Semi-feral, Intercropped
Scale
Widespread regional cultivation
Seed Sourcing
Seeds are grown on the farm
Planting Method
Broadcasting
Cycle 1 planting
Not recorded
Cycle 1 harvest
Not recorded
Cycle 2 planting
Not recorded
Cycle 2 harvest
Not recorded
Soil Type
Not recorded
Soil pH
Not recorded

Population

Estimate
Not recorded
Male to Female
10
Hermaphroditism
0
Culling
Some
Introgression
Reported nearby

Conservation

Priority
Medium
Cultivation Status
Active
Enforcement
Active eradication campaigns
Eradication Date
Not recorded

Cultivation details

The recorded population ranged from 1.5 to 3 m in height, with a flowering period of 16 to 20 weeks.

Grahan, 7 to 14 September

From Kasol, Éloïse walked the old jungle route through Pulgi and into Grahan. She met Ravi, already public under that alias, on arrival and remained in the area for eight days. The dated sequence begins with the general population at 2,321 m on 7 September, drops to the riverside at 2,187 m, then works upward through lower, upper, Topside and Kutla fields. The highest Grahan selection is Kutla at 2,769 m. The register carries two additional Topside selections without dates, one of them the Purple Pheno, bringing Grahan itself to nine accessions.

Wide Grahan cannabis field overlooking a forested valley.
A Grahan cannabis field overlooking the forested valley.

Grahan General Population 2022

ZOM-IND-HIM-0920220011

Landrace · General population

Grahan · 2,321 m

#1

Classification

Classification
Landrace
Accession Type
General population
Selection Type
Not recorded
Sexual Character
Dioecious
Pollination Type
Open pollination
Flowering Time
16 to 20 weeks
Plant Height
1.5 to 3 m
Photoperiod
Short-day
Chemotype
Not recorded

Botanical

Growth Pattern
Columnar
Branching
Apical dominant
Leaf
Intermediate
Leaflets
Not recorded
Leaf Colour
Dark greens, Purples
Stem Colour
Not recorded
Stigma Colour
Not recorded
Serration
Not recorded
Flower Structure
Not recorded

Aroma and effects

Aroma
Not recorded
Effect
Not recorded

Processing and purpose

Processing
Charas
Processing Notes
Not recorded
Purpose
Multipurpose

Geography

Growing Region
Western Himalayas
Growing Area
Parvati Valley
Appellation
Grahan
Country
India
Province
Himachal Pradesh
District
Kullu District
Tehsil
Bhuntar Tehsil
Block
Bhuntar Block
Locality
Grahan
Field
Not recorded
Coordinates
31.971638, 77.347184
Elevation
2,321 m
Aspect
SW

Traditional name

Local Name
गाँजा
Pronunciation
Gāñjā
Translation
Not recorded
Synonyms
Not recorded

Collection

Method
Seeds
Sourcing Type
Point of origin
Autochthonous
Yes
Collection Date
7 September 2022
Harvest Date
2022
Collector
Éloïse
Farmer
Not recorded
Expedition
Himachal 2022

Cultivation

Cultivation System
Rotating, Intercropped
Scale
Widespread regional cultivation
Seed Sourcing
Seeds are grown on the farm
Planting Method
Broadcasting
Cycle 1 planting
Not recorded
Cycle 1 harvest
Not recorded
Cycle 2 planting
Not recorded
Cycle 2 harvest
Not recorded
Soil Type
Not recorded
Soil pH
Not recorded

Population

Estimate
10,000,000
Male to Female
10
Hermaphroditism
0
Culling
Some
Introgression
Minimal

Conservation

Priority
Medium
Cultivation Status
Active
Enforcement
Active eradication campaigns
Eradication Date
Not recorded

Cultivation details

The recorded population ranged from 1.5 to 3 m in height, with a flowering period of 16 to 20 weeks.

Grahan 'Village' Selection 2022

ZOM-IND-HIM-0920220012

Landrace · Selection, multiple plants

Grahan · 2,321 m

#2

Classification

Classification
Landrace
Accession Type
Selection
Selection Type
Multiple plants
Sexual Character
Dioecious
Pollination Type
Open pollination
Flowering Time
16 to 20 weeks
Plant Height
1.5 to 3 m
Photoperiod
Short-day
Chemotype
Not recorded

Botanical

Growth Pattern
Columnar
Branching
Apical dominant
Leaf
Intermediate
Leaflets
Not recorded
Leaf Colour
Dark greens, Purples
Stem Colour
Not recorded
Stigma Colour
Not recorded
Serration
Not recorded
Flower Structure
Not recorded

Aroma and effects

Aroma
Not recorded
Effect
Not recorded

Processing and purpose

Processing
Charas
Processing Notes
Not recorded
Purpose
Multipurpose

Geography

Growing Region
Western Himalayas
Growing Area
Parvati Valley
Appellation
Grahan
Country
India
Province
Himachal Pradesh
District
Kullu District
Tehsil
Bhuntar Tehsil
Block
Bhuntar Block
Locality
Grahan
Field
Not recorded
Coordinates
31.970993, 77.347994
Elevation
2,321 m
Aspect
SW

Traditional name

Local Name
गाँजा
Pronunciation
Gāñjā
Translation
Not recorded
Synonyms
Not recorded

Collection

Method
Seeds
Sourcing Type
Point of origin
Autochthonous
Yes
Collection Date
8 September 2022
Harvest Date
2022
Collector
Éloïse
Farmer
Not recorded
Expedition
Himachal 2022

Cultivation

Cultivation System
Rotating, Intercropped
Scale
Widespread regional cultivation
Seed Sourcing
Seeds are grown on the farm
Planting Method
Broadcasting
Cycle 1 planting
March to May
Cycle 1 harvest
September to December
Cycle 2 planting
Not applicable
Cycle 2 harvest
Not applicable
Soil Type
Not recorded
Soil pH
Not recorded

Population

Estimate
100,000
Male to Female
10
Hermaphroditism
0
Culling
Some
Introgression
Minimal

Conservation

Priority
Medium
Cultivation Status
Active
Enforcement
Active eradication campaigns
Eradication Date
Not recorded

Cultivation details

The recorded population ranged from 1.5 to 3 m in height, with a flowering period of 16 to 20 weeks.

Grahan 'Riverside' Selection 2022

ZOM-IND-HIM-0920220013

Landrace · Selection, multiple plants

Grahan · 2,187 m

#3

Classification

Classification
Landrace
Accession Type
Selection
Selection Type
Multiple plants
Sexual Character
Dioecious
Pollination Type
Open pollination
Flowering Time
16 to 20 weeks
Plant Height
1.5 to 3 m
Photoperiod
Short-day
Chemotype
Not recorded

Botanical

Growth Pattern
Columnar
Branching
Apical dominant
Leaf
Intermediate
Leaflets
Not recorded
Leaf Colour
Dark greens, Purples
Stem Colour
Not recorded
Stigma Colour
Not recorded
Serration
Not recorded
Flower Structure
Not recorded

Aroma and effects

Aroma
Not recorded
Effect
Not recorded

Processing and purpose

Processing
Charas
Processing Notes
Not recorded
Purpose
Multipurpose

Geography

Growing Region
Western Himalayas
Growing Area
Parvati Valley
Appellation
Grahan
Country
India
Province
Himachal Pradesh
District
Kullu District
Tehsil
Bhuntar Tehsil
Block
Bhuntar Block
Locality
Grahan
Field
Riverside
Coordinates
31.969487, 77.345424
Elevation
2,187 m
Aspect
SW

Traditional name

Local Name
गाँजा
Pronunciation
Gāñjā
Translation
Not recorded
Synonyms
Not recorded

Collection

Method
Seeds
Sourcing Type
Point of origin
Autochthonous
Yes
Collection Date
9 September 2022
Harvest Date
2022
Collector
Éloïse
Farmer
Not recorded
Expedition
Himachal 2022

Cultivation

Cultivation System
Rotating, Intercropped
Scale
Widespread regional cultivation
Seed Sourcing
Seeds are grown on the farm
Planting Method
Broadcasting
Cycle 1 planting
March to May
Cycle 1 harvest
September to December
Cycle 2 planting
Not applicable
Cycle 2 harvest
Not applicable
Soil Type
Not recorded
Soil pH
Not recorded

Population

Estimate
20,000
Male to Female
10
Hermaphroditism
0
Culling
Some
Introgression
Minimal

Conservation

Priority
Medium
Cultivation Status
Eradicated
Enforcement
Active eradication campaigns
Eradication Date
1 September 2024

Cultivation details

The recorded population ranged from 1.5 to 3 m in height, with a flowering period of 16 to 20 weeks.

Grahan 'Lower Terraces' Selection 2022

ZOM-IND-HIM-0920220014

Landrace · Selection, multiple plants

Grahan · 2,353 m

#4

Classification

Classification
Landrace
Accession Type
Selection
Selection Type
Multiple plants
Sexual Character
Dioecious
Pollination Type
Open pollination
Flowering Time
16 to 20 weeks
Plant Height
1.5 to 3 m
Photoperiod
Short-day
Chemotype
Not recorded

Botanical

Growth Pattern
Christmas tree, Columnar
Branching
Apical dominant
Leaf
Intermediate
Leaflets
Not recorded
Leaf Colour
Dark greens, Purples
Stem Colour
Not recorded
Stigma Colour
Not recorded
Serration
Not recorded
Flower Structure
Not recorded

Aroma and effects

Aroma
Not recorded
Effect
Not recorded

Processing and purpose

Processing
Charas
Processing Notes
Not recorded
Purpose
Multipurpose

Geography

Growing Region
Western Himalayas
Growing Area
Parvati Valley
Appellation
Grahan
Country
India
Province
Himachal Pradesh
District
Kullu District
Tehsil
Bhuntar Tehsil
Block
Bhuntar Block
Locality
Grahan
Field
Grahan Lower Terraces
Coordinates
31.972178, 77.348555
Elevation
2,353 m
Aspect
SW

Traditional name

Local Name
गाँजा
Pronunciation
Gāñjā
Translation
Not recorded
Synonyms
Not recorded

Collection

Method
Seeds
Sourcing Type
Point of origin
Autochthonous
Yes
Collection Date
10 September 2022
Harvest Date
2022
Collector
Éloïse
Farmer
Not recorded
Expedition
Himachal 2022

Cultivation

Cultivation System
Rotating, Mono-cropped
Scale
Widespread regional cultivation
Seed Sourcing
Seeds are grown on the farm
Planting Method
Broadcasting
Cycle 1 planting
March to May
Cycle 1 harvest
September to December
Cycle 2 planting
Not applicable
Cycle 2 harvest
Not applicable
Soil Type
Not recorded
Soil pH
Not recorded

Population

Estimate
1,000,000
Male to Female
10
Hermaphroditism
0
Culling
Some
Introgression
Minimal

Conservation

Priority
Medium
Cultivation Status
Active
Enforcement
Active eradication campaigns
Eradication Date
Not recorded

Cultivation details

The recorded population ranged from 1.5 to 3 m in height, with a flowering period of 16 to 20 weeks.

Grahan 'Kutla' Selection 2022

ZOM-IND-HIM-0920220015

Landrace · Selection, multiple plants

Grahan · 2,769 m

#5

Classification

Classification
Landrace
Accession Type
Selection
Selection Type
Multiple plants
Sexual Character
Dioecious
Pollination Type
Open pollination
Flowering Time
16 to 20 weeks
Plant Height
1.5 to 2 m
Photoperiod
Short-day
Chemotype
Not recorded

Botanical

Growth Pattern
Columnar
Branching
Minimal
Leaf
Intermediate
Leaflets
Not recorded
Leaf Colour
Dark greens, Purples
Stem Colour
Not recorded
Stigma Colour
Not recorded
Serration
Not recorded
Flower Structure
Not recorded

Aroma and effects

Aroma
Not recorded
Effect
Not recorded

Processing and purpose

Processing
Charas
Processing Notes
Not recorded
Purpose
Multipurpose

Geography

Growing Region
Western Himalayas
Growing Area
Parvati Valley
Appellation
Grahan
Country
India
Province
Himachal Pradesh
District
Kullu District
Tehsil
Bhuntar Tehsil
Block
Bhuntar Block
Locality
Grahan
Field
Grahan Kutla
Coordinates
31.977103, 77.353603
Elevation
2,769 m
Aspect
SW

Traditional name

Local Name
गाँजा
Pronunciation
Gāñjā
Translation
Not recorded
Synonyms
Not recorded

Collection

Method
Seeds
Sourcing Type
Point of origin
Autochthonous
Yes
Collection Date
11 September 2022
Harvest Date
2022
Collector
Éloïse
Farmer
Not recorded
Expedition
Himachal 2022

Cultivation

Cultivation System
Rotating, Mono-cropped
Scale
Widespread regional cultivation
Seed Sourcing
Seeds are grown on the farm
Planting Method
Broadcasting
Cycle 1 planting
Not recorded
Cycle 1 harvest
Not recorded
Cycle 2 planting
Not recorded
Cycle 2 harvest
Not recorded
Soil Type
Not recorded
Soil pH
Not recorded

Population

Estimate
50,000
Male to Female
10
Hermaphroditism
0
Culling
Some
Introgression
Minimal

Conservation

Priority
Medium
Cultivation Status
Active
Enforcement
Active eradication campaigns
Eradication Date
Not recorded

Cultivation details

The recorded population ranged from 1.5 to 3 m in height, with a flowering period of 16 to 20 weeks.

Grahan Feral Selection 2022

ZOM-IND-HIM-0920220018

Feral · Selection, multiple plants

Grahan · 2,298 m

#6

Classification

Classification
Feral
Accession Type
Selection
Selection Type
Multiple plants
Sexual Character
Dioecious
Pollination Type
Open pollination
Flowering Time
16 to 20 weeks
Plant Height
1.5 to 3 m
Photoperiod
Short-day
Chemotype
Not recorded

Botanical

Growth Pattern
Not recorded
Branching
Apical dominant
Leaf
Intermediate
Leaflets
Not recorded
Leaf Colour
Dark greens, Purples
Stem Colour
Not recorded
Stigma Colour
Not recorded
Serration
Not recorded
Flower Structure
Not recorded

Aroma and effects

Aroma
Not recorded
Effect
Not recorded

Processing and purpose

Processing
Charas
Processing Notes
Not recorded
Purpose
Not recorded

Geography

Growing Region
Western Himalayas
Growing Area
Parvati Valley
Appellation
Grahan
Country
India
Province
Himachal Pradesh
District
Kullu District
Tehsil
Bhuntar Tehsil
Block
Bhuntar Block
Locality
Grahan
Field
Not recorded
Coordinates
31.970993, 77.347994
Elevation
2,298 m
Aspect
SW

Traditional name

Local Name
Not recorded
Pronunciation
Not recorded
Translation
Not recorded
Synonyms
Not recorded

Collection

Method
Seeds
Sourcing Type
Point of origin
Autochthonous
Yes
Collection Date
14 September 2022
Harvest Date
2022
Collector
Éloïse
Farmer
Not recorded
Expedition
Himachal 2022

Cultivation

Cultivation System
Feral
Scale
Widespread feral populations
Seed Sourcing
Population is self reproducing
Planting Method
Self reproducing
Cycle 1 planting
Not recorded
Cycle 1 harvest
Not recorded
Cycle 2 planting
Not recorded
Cycle 2 harvest
Not recorded
Soil Type
Not recorded
Soil pH
Not recorded

Population

Estimate
Not recorded
Male to Female
30
Hermaphroditism
0
Culling
No
Introgression
Minimal

Conservation

Priority
Low
Cultivation Status
Active
Enforcement
Active eradication campaigns
Eradication Date
Not recorded

Cultivation details

The recorded population ranged from 1.5 to 3 m in height, with a flowering period of 16 to 20 weeks.

Grahan 'Upper Terraces' Selection 2022

ZOM-IND-HIM-0920220114

Landrace · Selection, multiple plants

Grahan · 2,425 m

#7

Classification

Classification
Landrace
Accession Type
Selection
Selection Type
Multiple plants
Sexual Character
Dioecious
Pollination Type
Open pollination
Flowering Time
16 to 20 weeks
Plant Height
1.5 to 3 m
Photoperiod
Short-day
Chemotype
Not recorded

Botanical

Growth Pattern
Christmas tree, Columnar
Branching
Apical dominant
Leaf
Intermediate
Leaflets
Not recorded
Leaf Colour
Dark greens, Purples
Stem Colour
Not recorded
Stigma Colour
Not recorded
Serration
Not recorded
Flower Structure
Not recorded

Aroma and effects

Aroma
Not recorded
Effect
Not recorded

Processing and purpose

Processing
Charas
Processing Notes
Not recorded
Purpose
Multipurpose

Geography

Growing Region
Western Himalayas
Growing Area
Parvati Valley
Appellation
Grahan
Country
India
Province
Himachal Pradesh
District
Kullu District
Tehsil
Bhuntar Tehsil
Block
Bhuntar Block
Locality
Grahan
Field
Grahan Upper Terraces
Coordinates
31.973374, 77.349218
Elevation
2,425 m
Aspect
SW

Traditional name

Local Name
गाँजा
Pronunciation
Gāñjā
Translation
Not recorded
Synonyms
Not recorded

Collection

Method
Seeds
Sourcing Type
Point of origin
Autochthonous
Yes
Collection Date
10 September 2022
Harvest Date
2022
Collector
Éloïse
Farmer
Not recorded
Expedition
Himachal 2022

Cultivation

Cultivation System
Rotating, Monoculture
Scale
Widespread regional cultivation
Seed Sourcing
Seeds are grown on the farm
Planting Method
Broadcasting
Cycle 1 planting
March to May
Cycle 1 harvest
September to December
Cycle 2 planting
Not applicable
Cycle 2 harvest
Not applicable
Soil Type
Not recorded
Soil pH
Not recorded

Population

Estimate
1,000,000
Male to Female
10
Hermaphroditism
0
Culling
Some
Introgression
Minimal

Conservation

Priority
Medium
Cultivation Status
Active
Enforcement
Active eradication campaigns
Eradication Date
Not recorded

Cultivation details

The recorded population ranged from 1.5 to 3 m in height, with a flowering period of 16 to 20 weeks.

Grahan 'Topside' Selection 2022

ZOM-IND-HIM-0920220115

Landrace · Selection, multiple plants

Grahan · 2,580 m

#8

Classification

Classification
Landrace
Accession Type
Selection
Selection Type
Multiple plants
Sexual Character
Dioecious
Pollination Type
Open pollination
Flowering Time
16 to 20 weeks
Plant Height
1.5 to 2 m
Photoperiod
Short-day
Chemotype
Not recorded

Botanical

Growth Pattern
Columnar
Branching
Minimal
Leaf
Intermediate
Leaflets
Not recorded
Leaf Colour
Not recorded
Stem Colour
Not recorded
Stigma Colour
Not recorded
Serration
Not recorded
Flower Structure
Not recorded

Aroma and effects

Aroma
Not recorded
Effect
Not recorded

Processing and purpose

Processing
Charas
Processing Notes
Not recorded
Purpose
Multipurpose

Geography

Growing Region
Western Himalayas
Growing Area
Parvati Valley
Appellation
Grahan
Country
India
Province
Himachal Pradesh
District
Kullu District
Tehsil
Bhuntar Tehsil
Block
Bhuntar Block
Locality
Grahan
Field
Grahan Topside
Coordinates
31.974648, 77.352001
Elevation
2,580 m
Aspect
SW

Traditional name

Local Name
गाँजा
Pronunciation
Gāñjā
Translation
Not recorded
Synonyms
Not recorded

Collection

Method
Seeds
Sourcing Type
Point of origin
Autochthonous
Yes
Collection Date
Not recorded
Harvest Date
2022
Collector
Éloïse
Farmer
Not recorded
Expedition
Himachal 2022

Cultivation

Cultivation System
Rotating, Monoculture
Scale
Widespread regional cultivation
Seed Sourcing
Seeds are grown on the farm
Planting Method
Broadcasting
Cycle 1 planting
Not recorded
Cycle 1 harvest
Not recorded
Cycle 2 planting
Not recorded
Cycle 2 harvest
Not recorded
Soil Type
Not recorded
Soil pH
Not recorded

Population

Estimate
Not recorded
Male to Female
10
Hermaphroditism
0
Culling
Some
Introgression
Minimal

Conservation

Priority
Medium
Cultivation Status
Active
Enforcement
Active eradication campaigns
Eradication Date
Not recorded

Cultivation details

The recorded population ranged from 1.5 to 3 m in height, with a flowering period of 16 to 20 weeks.

Grahan 'Topside Purple Pheno' Selection 2022

ZOM-IND-HIM-0920220215

Landrace · Selection, single plant

Grahan · 2,580 m

#9

Classification

Classification
Landrace
Accession Type
Selection
Selection Type
Single plant
Sexual Character
Dioecious
Pollination Type
Open pollination
Flowering Time
16 to 20 weeks
Plant Height
1.5 to 2 m
Photoperiod
Short-day
Chemotype
Not recorded

Botanical

Growth Pattern
Columnar
Branching
Minimal
Leaf
Intermediate
Leaflets
Not recorded
Leaf Colour
Not recorded
Stem Colour
Not recorded
Stigma Colour
Not recorded
Serration
Not recorded
Flower Structure
Not recorded

Aroma and effects

Aroma
Not recorded
Effect
Not recorded

Processing and purpose

Processing
Charas
Processing Notes
Not recorded
Purpose
Multipurpose

Geography

Growing Region
Western Himalayas
Growing Area
Parvati Valley
Appellation
Grahan
Country
India
Province
Himachal Pradesh
District
Kullu District
Tehsil
Bhuntar Tehsil
Block
Bhuntar Block
Locality
Grahan
Field
Grahan Topside
Coordinates
31.974648, 77.352001
Elevation
2,580 m
Aspect
SW

Traditional name

Local Name
गाँजा
Pronunciation
Gāñjā
Translation
Not recorded
Synonyms
Not recorded

Collection

Method
Seeds
Sourcing Type
Point of origin
Autochthonous
Yes
Collection Date
Not recorded
Harvest Date
2022
Collector
Éloïse
Farmer
Not recorded
Expedition
Himachal 2022

Cultivation

Cultivation System
Rotating, Monoculture
Scale
Widespread regional cultivation
Seed Sourcing
Seeds are grown on the farm
Planting Method
Broadcasting
Cycle 1 planting
March to May
Cycle 1 harvest
September to December
Cycle 2 planting
Not applicable
Cycle 2 harvest
Not applicable
Soil Type
Not recorded
Soil pH
Not recorded

Population

Estimate
Not recorded
Male to Female
10
Hermaphroditism
0
Culling
Some
Introgression
Minimal

Conservation

Priority
Medium
Cultivation Status
Active
Enforcement
Active eradication campaigns
Eradication Date
Not recorded

Cultivation details

The recorded population ranged from 1.5 to 3 m in height, with a flowering period of 16 to 20 weeks.

Pulgi, 12 September

Pulgi, at 2,289 m, was the route by which Éloïse had first approached Grahan. The selection made there remains recorded under the Grahan name.

Grahan 'Pulgi' Selection 2022

ZOM-IND-HIM-0920220016

Landrace · Selection, multiple plants

Pulgi · 2,289 m

#1

Classification

Classification
Landrace
Accession Type
Selection
Selection Type
Multiple plants
Sexual Character
Dioecious
Pollination Type
Open pollination
Flowering Time
16 to 20 weeks
Plant Height
1.5 to 3 m
Photoperiod
Short-day
Chemotype
Not recorded

Botanical

Growth Pattern
Columnar
Branching
Apical dominant
Leaf
Intermediate
Leaflets
Not recorded
Leaf Colour
Dark greens, Purples
Stem Colour
Not recorded
Stigma Colour
Not recorded
Serration
Not recorded
Flower Structure
Not recorded

Aroma and effects

Aroma
Not recorded
Effect
Not recorded

Processing and purpose

Processing
Charas
Processing Notes
Not recorded
Purpose
Multipurpose

Geography

Growing Region
Western Himalayas
Growing Area
Parvati Valley
Appellation
Pulgi
Country
India
Province
Himachal Pradesh
District
Kullu District
Tehsil
Bhuntar Tehsil
Block
Bhuntar Block
Locality
Pulgi
Field
Not recorded
Coordinates
31.969739, 77.349377
Elevation
2,289 m
Aspect
SW

Traditional name

Local Name
गाँजा
Pronunciation
Gāñjā
Translation
Not recorded
Synonyms
Not recorded

Collection

Method
Seeds
Sourcing Type
Point of origin
Autochthonous
Yes
Collection Date
12 September 2022
Harvest Date
2022
Collector
Éloïse
Farmer
Not recorded
Expedition
Himachal 2022

Cultivation

Cultivation System
Semi-feral, Intercropped
Scale
Widespread regional cultivation
Seed Sourcing
Seeds are grown on the farm
Planting Method
Broadcasting
Cycle 1 planting
Not recorded
Cycle 1 harvest
Not recorded
Cycle 2 planting
Not recorded
Cycle 2 harvest
Not recorded
Soil Type
Not recorded
Soil pH
Not recorded

Population

Estimate
Not recorded
Male to Female
10
Hermaphroditism
0
Culling
Some
Introgression
Minimal

Conservation

Priority
Medium
Cultivation Status
Active
Enforcement
Active eradication campaigns
Eradication Date
Not recorded

Cultivation details

The recorded population ranged from 1.5 to 3 m in height, with a flowering period of 16 to 20 weeks.

Thunja, 13 September

The Thunja selection came from 2,458 m on the penultimate day of the first Grahan phase.

Grahan 'Thunja' Selection 2022

ZOM-IND-HIM-0920220017

Landrace · Selection, multiple plants

Thunja · 2,458 m

#1

Classification

Classification
Landrace
Accession Type
Selection
Selection Type
Multiple plants
Sexual Character
Dioecious
Pollination Type
Open pollination
Flowering Time
16 to 20 weeks
Plant Height
1.5 to 3 m
Photoperiod
Short-day
Chemotype
Not recorded

Botanical

Growth Pattern
Columnar
Branching
Apical dominant
Leaf
Intermediate
Leaflets
Not recorded
Leaf Colour
Dark greens, Purples
Stem Colour
Not recorded
Stigma Colour
Not recorded
Serration
Not recorded
Flower Structure
Not recorded

Aroma and effects

Aroma
Not recorded
Effect
Not recorded

Processing and purpose

Processing
Charas
Processing Notes
Not recorded
Purpose
Multipurpose

Geography

Growing Region
Western Himalayas
Growing Area
Parvati Valley
Appellation
Thunja
Country
India
Province
Himachal Pradesh
District
Kullu District
Tehsil
Bhuntar Tehsil
Block
Bhuntar Block
Locality
Thunja
Field
Not recorded
Coordinates
31.982137, 77.339435
Elevation
2,458 m
Aspect
SW

Traditional name

Local Name
गाँजा
Pronunciation
Gāñjā
Translation
Not recorded
Synonyms
Not recorded

Collection

Method
Seeds
Sourcing Type
Point of origin
Autochthonous
Yes
Collection Date
13 September 2022
Harvest Date
2022
Collector
Éloïse
Farmer
Not recorded
Expedition
Himachal 2022

Cultivation

Cultivation System
Rotating, Mono-cropped
Scale
Widespread regional cultivation
Seed Sourcing
Seeds are grown on the farm
Planting Method
Broadcasting
Cycle 1 planting
Not recorded
Cycle 1 harvest
Not recorded
Cycle 2 planting
Not recorded
Cycle 2 harvest
Not recorded
Soil Type
Not recorded
Soil pH
Not recorded

Population

Estimate
Not recorded
Male to Female
10
Hermaphroditism
0
Culling
Some
Introgression
Minimal

Conservation

Priority
Medium
Cultivation Status
Active
Enforcement
Active eradication campaigns
Eradication Date
Not recorded

Cultivation details

The recorded population ranged from 1.5 to 3 m in height, with a flowering period of 16 to 20 weeks.

Rasol, 16 September and 8 November

Rasol was surveyed first before the crop had fully ripened and again during the charas season. Three accessions sit at village height, 2,277 m. Vairam, Ja and Oridhar rise through 2,788, 2,797 and 2,821 m, while Vairam Top reaches 2,933 m.

Rasol General Population 2022

ZOM-IND-HIM-0920220019

Landrace · Selection, multiple plants

Rasol · 2,277 m

#1

Classification

Classification
Landrace
Accession Type
Selection
Selection Type
Multiple plants
Sexual Character
Dioecious
Pollination Type
Open pollination
Flowering Time
16 to 20 weeks
Plant Height
1.5 to 3 m
Photoperiod
Short-day
Chemotype
Not recorded

Botanical

Growth Pattern
Not recorded
Branching
Apical dominant
Leaf
Intermediate
Leaflets
Not recorded
Leaf Colour
Dark greens, Purples
Stem Colour
Not recorded
Stigma Colour
Not recorded
Serration
Not recorded
Flower Structure
Not recorded

Aroma and effects

Aroma
Not recorded
Effect
Not recorded

Processing and purpose

Processing
Charas
Processing Notes
Not recorded
Purpose
Multipurpose

Geography

Growing Region
Western Himalayas
Growing Area
Parvati Valley
Appellation
Rasol
Country
India
Province
Himachal Pradesh
District
Kullu District
Tehsil
Bhuntar Tehsil
Block
Bhuntar Block
Locality
Rasol
Field
Not recorded
Coordinates
32.031692, 77.292151
Elevation
2,277 m
Aspect
Not recorded

Traditional name

Local Name
गाँजा
Pronunciation
Gāñjā
Translation
Not recorded
Synonyms
Not recorded

Collection

Method
Seeds
Sourcing Type
Point of origin
Autochthonous
Yes
Collection Date
Not recorded
Harvest Date
2022
Collector
Éloïse
Farmer
Not recorded
Expedition
Himachal 2022

Cultivation

Cultivation System
Rotating, Mono-cropped
Scale
Widespread regional cultivation
Seed Sourcing
Seeds are grown on the farm
Planting Method
Broadcasting
Cycle 1 planting
Not recorded
Cycle 1 harvest
Not recorded
Cycle 2 planting
Not recorded
Cycle 2 harvest
Not recorded
Soil Type
Not recorded
Soil pH
Not recorded

Population

Estimate
Not recorded
Male to Female
10
Hermaphroditism
0
Culling
Some
Introgression
Minimal

Conservation

Priority
Medium
Cultivation Status
Active
Enforcement
Active eradication campaigns
Eradication Date
Not recorded

Cultivation details

The recorded population ranged from 1.5 to 3 m in height, with a flowering period of 16 to 20 weeks.

Rasol 'Village' Selection 2022

ZOM-IND-HIM-0920220020

Landrace · General population

Rasol · 2,277 m

#2

Classification

Classification
Landrace
Accession Type
General population
Selection Type
Not recorded
Sexual Character
Dioecious
Pollination Type
Open pollination
Flowering Time
16 to 20 weeks
Plant Height
1.5 to 3 m
Photoperiod
Short-day
Chemotype
Not recorded

Botanical

Growth Pattern
Not recorded
Branching
Apical dominant
Leaf
Intermediate
Leaflets
Not recorded
Leaf Colour
Dark greens, Purples
Stem Colour
Not recorded
Stigma Colour
Not recorded
Serration
Not recorded
Flower Structure
Not recorded

Aroma and effects

Aroma
Not recorded
Effect
Not recorded

Processing and purpose

Processing
Charas
Processing Notes
Not recorded
Purpose
Multipurpose

Geography

Growing Region
Western Himalayas
Growing Area
Parvati Valley
Appellation
Rasol
Country
India
Province
Himachal Pradesh
District
Kullu District
Tehsil
Bhuntar Tehsil
Block
Bhuntar Block
Locality
Rasol
Field
Not recorded
Coordinates
32.031692, 77.292151
Elevation
2,277 m
Aspect
Not recorded

Traditional name

Local Name
गाँजा
Pronunciation
Gāñjā
Translation
Not recorded
Synonyms
Not recorded

Collection

Method
Seeds
Sourcing Type
Point of origin
Autochthonous
Yes
Collection Date
Not recorded
Harvest Date
2022
Collector
Éloïse
Farmer
Not recorded
Expedition
Himachal 2022

Cultivation

Cultivation System
Rotating, Intercropped
Scale
Widespread regional cultivation
Seed Sourcing
Seeds are grown on the farm
Planting Method
Broadcasting
Cycle 1 planting
March to May
Cycle 1 harvest
September to December
Cycle 2 planting
Not applicable
Cycle 2 harvest
Not applicable
Soil Type
Not recorded
Soil pH
Not recorded

Population

Estimate
Not recorded
Male to Female
10
Hermaphroditism
0
Culling
Some
Introgression
Minimal

Conservation

Priority
Medium
Cultivation Status
Active
Enforcement
Active eradication campaigns
Eradication Date
Not recorded

Cultivation details

The recorded population ranged from 1.5 to 3 m in height, with a flowering period of 16 to 20 weeks.

Rasol 'Vairam' Selection 2022

ZOM-IND-HIM-0920220021

Landrace · Selection, multiple plants

Rasol · 2,788 m

#3

Classification

Classification
Landrace
Accession Type
Selection
Selection Type
Multiple plants
Sexual Character
Dioecious
Pollination Type
Open pollination
Flowering Time
16 to 20 weeks
Plant Height
1.5 to 3 m
Photoperiod
Short-day
Chemotype
Not recorded

Botanical

Growth Pattern
Not recorded
Branching
Apical dominant
Leaf
Intermediate
Leaflets
Not recorded
Leaf Colour
Dark greens, Purples
Stem Colour
Not recorded
Stigma Colour
Not recorded
Serration
Not recorded
Flower Structure
Not recorded

Aroma and effects

Aroma
Not recorded
Effect
Not recorded

Processing and purpose

Processing
Charas
Processing Notes
Not recorded
Purpose
Multipurpose

Geography

Growing Region
Western Himalayas
Growing Area
Parvati Valley
Appellation
Vairam
Country
India
Province
Himachal Pradesh
District
Kullu District
Tehsil
Bhuntar Tehsil
Block
Bhuntar Block
Locality
Rasol
Field
Vairam
Coordinates
32.034678, 77.303436
Elevation
2,788 m
Aspect
Not recorded

Traditional name

Local Name
गाँजा
Pronunciation
Gāñjā
Translation
Not recorded
Synonyms
Not recorded

Collection

Method
Seeds
Sourcing Type
Point of origin
Autochthonous
Yes
Collection Date
Not recorded
Harvest Date
2022
Collector
Éloïse
Farmer
Not recorded
Expedition
Himachal 2022

Cultivation

Cultivation System
Rotating, Mono-cropped
Scale
Widespread regional cultivation
Seed Sourcing
Seeds are grown on the farm
Planting Method
Broadcasting
Cycle 1 planting
Not recorded
Cycle 1 harvest
Not recorded
Cycle 2 planting
Not recorded
Cycle 2 harvest
Not recorded
Soil Type
Not recorded
Soil pH
Not recorded

Population

Estimate
Not recorded
Male to Female
10
Hermaphroditism
0
Culling
Some
Introgression
Minimal

Conservation

Priority
Medium
Cultivation Status
Active
Enforcement
Active eradication campaigns
Eradication Date
Not recorded

Cultivation details

The recorded population ranged from 1.5 to 3 m in height, with a flowering period of 16 to 20 weeks.

Rasol 'Vairam Top' Selection 2022

ZOM-IND-HIM-0920220022

Landrace · Selection, multiple plants

Rasol · 2,933 m

#4

Classification

Classification
Landrace
Accession Type
Selection
Selection Type
Multiple plants
Sexual Character
Dioecious
Pollination Type
Open pollination
Flowering Time
16 to 20 weeks
Plant Height
1.5 to 3 m
Photoperiod
Short-day
Chemotype
Not recorded

Botanical

Growth Pattern
Not recorded
Branching
Apical dominant
Leaf
Intermediate
Leaflets
Not recorded
Leaf Colour
Dark greens, Purples
Stem Colour
Not recorded
Stigma Colour
Not recorded
Serration
Not recorded
Flower Structure
Not recorded

Aroma and effects

Aroma
Not recorded
Effect
Not recorded

Processing and purpose

Processing
Charas
Processing Notes
Not recorded
Purpose
Multipurpose

Geography

Growing Region
Western Himalayas
Growing Area
Parvati Valley
Appellation
Vairam
Country
India
Province
Himachal Pradesh
District
Kullu District
Tehsil
Bhuntar Tehsil
Block
Bhuntar Block
Locality
Rasol
Field
Vairam 'Top'
Coordinates
32.038791, 77.301132
Elevation
2,933 m
Aspect
Not recorded

Traditional name

Local Name
गाँजा
Pronunciation
Gāñjā
Translation
Not recorded
Synonyms
Not recorded

Collection

Method
Seeds
Sourcing Type
Point of origin
Autochthonous
Yes
Collection Date
Not recorded
Harvest Date
2022
Collector
Éloïse
Farmer
Not recorded
Expedition
Himachal 2022

Cultivation

Cultivation System
Rotating, Mono-cropped
Scale
Widespread regional cultivation
Seed Sourcing
Seeds are grown on the farm
Planting Method
Broadcasting
Cycle 1 planting
Not recorded
Cycle 1 harvest
Not recorded
Cycle 2 planting
Not recorded
Cycle 2 harvest
Not recorded
Soil Type
Not recorded
Soil pH
Not recorded

Population

Estimate
Not recorded
Male to Female
10
Hermaphroditism
0
Culling
Some
Introgression
Minimal

Conservation

Priority
Medium
Cultivation Status
Active
Enforcement
Active eradication campaigns
Eradication Date
Not recorded

Cultivation details

The recorded population ranged from 1.5 to 3 m in height, with a flowering period of 16 to 20 weeks.

Rasol 'Ja' Selection 2022

ZOM-IND-HIM-0920220023

Landrace · Selection, multiple plants

Rasol · 2,797 m

#5

Classification

Classification
Landrace
Accession Type
Selection
Selection Type
Multiple plants
Sexual Character
Dioecious
Pollination Type
Open pollination
Flowering Time
16 to 20 weeks
Plant Height
1.5 to 3 m
Photoperiod
Short-day
Chemotype
Not recorded

Botanical

Growth Pattern
Not recorded
Branching
Apical dominant
Leaf
Intermediate
Leaflets
Not recorded
Leaf Colour
Dark greens, Purples
Stem Colour
Not recorded
Stigma Colour
Not recorded
Serration
Not recorded
Flower Structure
Not recorded

Aroma and effects

Aroma
Not recorded
Effect
Not recorded

Processing and purpose

Processing
Charas
Processing Notes
Not recorded
Purpose
Multipurpose

Geography

Growing Region
Western Himalayas
Growing Area
Parvati Valley
Appellation
Rasol
Country
India
Province
Himachal Pradesh
District
Kullu District
Tehsil
Bhuntar Tehsil
Block
Bhuntar Block
Locality
Rasol
Field
Ja
Coordinates
32.036604, 77.287822
Elevation
2,797 m
Aspect
Not recorded

Traditional name

Local Name
गाँजा
Pronunciation
Gāñjā
Translation
Not recorded
Synonyms
Not recorded

Collection

Method
Seeds
Sourcing Type
Point of origin
Autochthonous
Yes
Collection Date
Not recorded
Harvest Date
2022
Collector
Éloïse
Farmer
Not recorded
Expedition
Himachal 2022

Cultivation

Cultivation System
Rotating, Mono-cropped
Scale
Widespread regional cultivation
Seed Sourcing
Seeds are grown on the farm
Planting Method
Broadcasting
Cycle 1 planting
Not recorded
Cycle 1 harvest
Not recorded
Cycle 2 planting
Not recorded
Cycle 2 harvest
Not recorded
Soil Type
Not recorded
Soil pH
Not recorded

Population

Estimate
Not recorded
Male to Female
10
Hermaphroditism
0
Culling
Some
Introgression
Minimal

Conservation

Priority
Medium
Cultivation Status
Active
Enforcement
Active eradication campaigns
Eradication Date
Not recorded

Cultivation details

The recorded population ranged from 1.5 to 3 m in height, with a flowering period of 16 to 20 weeks.

Rasol 'Oridhar' Selection 2022

ZOM-IND-HIM-0920220024

Landrace · Selection, multiple plants

Rasol · 2,821 m

#6

Classification

Classification
Landrace
Accession Type
Selection
Selection Type
Multiple plants
Sexual Character
Dioecious
Pollination Type
Open pollination
Flowering Time
16 to 20 weeks
Plant Height
1.5 to 3 m
Photoperiod
Short-day
Chemotype
Not recorded

Botanical

Growth Pattern
Not recorded
Branching
Apical dominant
Leaf
Intermediate
Leaflets
Not recorded
Leaf Colour
Dark greens, Purples
Stem Colour
Not recorded
Stigma Colour
Not recorded
Serration
Not recorded
Flower Structure
Not recorded

Aroma and effects

Aroma
Not recorded
Effect
Not recorded

Processing and purpose

Processing
Charas
Processing Notes
Not recorded
Purpose
Multipurpose

Geography

Growing Region
Western Himalayas
Growing Area
Parvati Valley
Appellation
Rasol
Country
India
Province
Himachal Pradesh
District
Kullu District
Tehsil
Bhuntar Tehsil
Block
Bhuntar Block
Locality
Rasol
Field
Oridhar
Coordinates
32.036084, 77.280694
Elevation
2,821 m
Aspect
Not recorded

Traditional name

Local Name
गाँजा
Pronunciation
Gāñjā
Translation
Not recorded
Synonyms
Not recorded

Collection

Method
Seeds
Sourcing Type
Point of origin
Autochthonous
Yes
Collection Date
Not recorded
Harvest Date
2022
Collector
Éloïse
Farmer
Not recorded
Expedition
Himachal 2022

Cultivation

Cultivation System
Rotating, Mono-cropped
Scale
Widespread regional cultivation
Seed Sourcing
Seeds are grown on the farm
Planting Method
Broadcasting
Cycle 1 planting
March to May
Cycle 1 harvest
September to December
Cycle 2 planting
Not applicable
Cycle 2 harvest
Not applicable
Soil Type
Not recorded
Soil pH
Not recorded

Population

Estimate
Not recorded
Male to Female
10
Hermaphroditism
0
Culling
Some
Introgression
Minimal

Conservation

Priority
Medium
Cultivation Status
Active
Enforcement
Active eradication campaigns
Eradication Date
Not recorded

Cultivation details

The recorded population ranged from 1.5 to 3 m in height, with a flowering period of 16 to 20 weeks.

Rasol Feral Selection 2022

ZOM-IND-HIM-0920220026

Feral · Selection, multiple plants

Rasol · 2,277 m

#7

Classification

Classification
Feral
Accession Type
Selection
Selection Type
Multiple plants
Sexual Character
Dioecious
Pollination Type
Open pollination
Flowering Time
16 to 20 weeks
Plant Height
1.5 to 3 m
Photoperiod
Short-day
Chemotype
Not recorded

Botanical

Growth Pattern
Not recorded
Branching
Apical dominant
Leaf
Intermediate
Leaflets
Not recorded
Leaf Colour
Dark greens, Purples
Stem Colour
Not recorded
Stigma Colour
Not recorded
Serration
Not recorded
Flower Structure
Not recorded

Aroma and effects

Aroma
Not recorded
Effect
Not recorded

Processing and purpose

Processing
Charas
Processing Notes
Not recorded
Purpose
Not recorded

Geography

Growing Region
Western Himalayas
Growing Area
Parvati Valley
Appellation
Rasol
Country
India
Province
Himachal Pradesh
District
Kullu District
Tehsil
Bhuntar Tehsil
Block
Bhuntar Block
Locality
Rasol
Field
Not recorded
Coordinates
32.031692, 77.292151
Elevation
2,277 m
Aspect
Not recorded

Traditional name

Local Name
Not recorded
Pronunciation
Not recorded
Translation
Not recorded
Synonyms
Not recorded

Collection

Method
Seeds
Sourcing Type
Point of origin
Autochthonous
Yes
Collection Date
Not recorded
Harvest Date
2022
Collector
Éloïse
Farmer
Not recorded
Expedition
Himachal 2022

Cultivation

Cultivation System
Feral
Scale
Widespread feral populations
Seed Sourcing
Population is self reproducing
Planting Method
Self reproducing
Cycle 1 planting
Not recorded
Cycle 1 harvest
Not recorded
Cycle 2 planting
Not recorded
Cycle 2 harvest
Not recorded
Soil Type
Not recorded
Soil pH
Not recorded

Population

Estimate
Not recorded
Male to Female
30
Hermaphroditism
0
Culling
No
Introgression
Minimal

Conservation

Priority
Low
Cultivation Status
Active
Enforcement
Active eradication campaigns
Eradication Date
Not recorded

Cultivation details

The recorded population ranged from 1.5 to 3 m in height, with a flowering period of 16 to 20 weeks.

Tosh, 21 September

Tosh has the shortest recorded vertical range on the trip. The general population, village selection and feral selection sit at 2,535 m, followed by the Upper selection at 2,639 m.

Tosh General Population 2022

ZOM-IND-HIM-0920220027

Landrace · General population

Tosh · 2,535 m

#1

Classification

Classification
Landrace
Accession Type
General population
Selection Type
Not recorded
Sexual Character
Dioecious
Pollination Type
Open pollination
Flowering Time
16 to 20 weeks
Plant Height
1.5 to 3 m
Photoperiod
Short-day
Chemotype
Not recorded

Botanical

Growth Pattern
Not recorded
Branching
Apical dominant
Leaf
Intermediate
Leaflets
Not recorded
Leaf Colour
Dark greens, Purples
Stem Colour
Not recorded
Stigma Colour
Not recorded
Serration
Not recorded
Flower Structure
Not recorded

Aroma and effects

Aroma
Not recorded
Effect
Not recorded

Processing and purpose

Processing
Charas
Processing Notes
Not recorded
Purpose
Multipurpose

Geography

Growing Region
Western Himalayas
Growing Area
Parvati Valley
Appellation
Tosh
Country
India
Province
Himachal Pradesh
District
Kullu District
Tehsil
Bhuntar Tehsil
Block
Bhuntar Block
Locality
Tosh
Field
Not recorded
Coordinates
32.015861, 77.451916
Elevation
2,535 m
Aspect
Not recorded

Traditional name

Local Name
गाँजा
Pronunciation
Gāñjā
Translation
Not recorded
Synonyms
Not recorded

Collection

Method
Seeds
Sourcing Type
Point of origin
Autochthonous
Yes
Collection Date
Not recorded
Harvest Date
2022
Collector
Éloïse
Farmer
Not recorded
Expedition
Himachal 2022

Cultivation

Cultivation System
Semi-feral
Scale
Widespread regional cultivation
Seed Sourcing
Seeds are grown on the farm
Planting Method
Broadcasting
Cycle 1 planting
March to May
Cycle 1 harvest
September to December
Cycle 2 planting
Not applicable
Cycle 2 harvest
Not applicable
Soil Type
Not recorded
Soil pH
Not recorded

Population

Estimate
Not recorded
Male to Female
10
Hermaphroditism
0
Culling
Some
Introgression
Minimal

Conservation

Priority
Medium
Cultivation Status
Active
Enforcement
Active eradication campaigns
Eradication Date
Not recorded

Cultivation details

The recorded population ranged from 1.5 to 3 m in height, with a flowering period of 16 to 20 weeks.

Tosh 'Village' Selection 2022

ZOM-IND-HIM-0920220028

Landrace · Selection, multiple plants

Tosh · 2,535 m

#2

Classification

Classification
Landrace
Accession Type
Selection
Selection Type
Multiple plants
Sexual Character
Dioecious
Pollination Type
Open pollination
Flowering Time
16 to 20 weeks
Plant Height
1.5 to 3 m
Photoperiod
Short-day
Chemotype
Not recorded

Botanical

Growth Pattern
Not recorded
Branching
Apical dominant
Leaf
Intermediate
Leaflets
Not recorded
Leaf Colour
Dark greens, Purples
Stem Colour
Not recorded
Stigma Colour
Not recorded
Serration
Not recorded
Flower Structure
Not recorded

Aroma and effects

Aroma
Not recorded
Effect
Not recorded

Processing and purpose

Processing
Charas
Processing Notes
Not recorded
Purpose
Multipurpose

Geography

Growing Region
Western Himalayas
Growing Area
Parvati Valley
Appellation
Tosh
Country
India
Province
Himachal Pradesh
District
Kullu District
Tehsil
Bhuntar Tehsil
Block
Bhuntar Block
Locality
Tosh
Field
Not recorded
Coordinates
32.015861, 77.451916
Elevation
2,535 m
Aspect
Not recorded

Traditional name

Local Name
गाँजा
Pronunciation
Gāñjā
Translation
Not recorded
Synonyms
Not recorded

Collection

Method
Seeds
Sourcing Type
Point of origin
Autochthonous
Yes
Collection Date
Not recorded
Harvest Date
2022
Collector
Éloïse
Farmer
Not recorded
Expedition
Himachal 2022

Cultivation

Cultivation System
Semi-feral
Scale
Widespread regional cultivation
Seed Sourcing
Seeds are grown on the farm
Planting Method
Broadcasting
Cycle 1 planting
March to May
Cycle 1 harvest
September to December
Cycle 2 planting
Not applicable
Cycle 2 harvest
Not applicable
Soil Type
Not recorded
Soil pH
Not recorded

Population

Estimate
Not recorded
Male to Female
10
Hermaphroditism
0
Culling
Some
Introgression
Minimal

Conservation

Priority
Medium
Cultivation Status
Active
Enforcement
Active eradication campaigns
Eradication Date
Not recorded

Cultivation details

The recorded population ranged from 1.5 to 3 m in height, with a flowering period of 16 to 20 weeks.

Tosh 'Upper' Selection 2022

ZOM-IND-HIM-0920220029

Landrace · Selection, multiple plants

Tosh · 2,639 m

#3

Classification

Classification
Landrace
Accession Type
Selection
Selection Type
Multiple plants
Sexual Character
Dioecious
Pollination Type
Open pollination
Flowering Time
16 to 20 weeks
Plant Height
1.5 to 3 m
Photoperiod
Short-day
Chemotype
Not recorded

Botanical

Growth Pattern
Not recorded
Branching
Apical dominant
Leaf
Intermediate
Leaflets
Not recorded
Leaf Colour
Dark greens, Purples
Stem Colour
Not recorded
Stigma Colour
Not recorded
Serration
Not recorded
Flower Structure
Not recorded

Aroma and effects

Aroma
Not recorded
Effect
Not recorded

Processing and purpose

Processing
Charas
Processing Notes
Not recorded
Purpose
Not recorded

Geography

Growing Region
Western Himalayas
Growing Area
Parvati Valley
Appellation
Tosh
Country
India
Province
Himachal Pradesh
District
Kullu District
Tehsil
Bhuntar Tehsil
Block
Bhuntar Block
Locality
Tosh
Field
Not recorded
Coordinates
32.018514, 77.450871
Elevation
2,639 m
Aspect
Not recorded

Traditional name

Local Name
गाँजा
Pronunciation
Gāñjā
Translation
Not recorded
Synonyms
Not recorded

Collection

Method
Seeds
Sourcing Type
Point of origin
Autochthonous
Yes
Collection Date
Not recorded
Harvest Date
2022
Collector
Éloïse
Farmer
Not recorded
Expedition
Himachal 2022

Cultivation

Cultivation System
Semi-feral
Scale
Widespread regional cultivation
Seed Sourcing
Seeds are grown on the farm
Planting Method
Broadcasting
Cycle 1 planting
Not recorded
Cycle 1 harvest
Not recorded
Cycle 2 planting
Not recorded
Cycle 2 harvest
Not recorded
Soil Type
Not recorded
Soil pH
Not recorded

Population

Estimate
Not recorded
Male to Female
10
Hermaphroditism
0
Culling
Some
Introgression
Minimal

Conservation

Priority
Medium
Cultivation Status
Active
Enforcement
Active eradication campaigns
Eradication Date
Not recorded

Cultivation details

The recorded population ranged from 1.5 to 3 m in height, with a flowering period of 16 to 20 weeks.

Tosh Feral Selection 2022

ZOM-IND-HIM-0920220030

Feral · Selection, multiple plants

Tosh · 2,535 m

#4

Classification

Classification
Feral
Accession Type
Selection
Selection Type
Multiple plants
Sexual Character
Dioecious
Pollination Type
Open pollination
Flowering Time
16 to 20 weeks
Plant Height
1.5 to 3 m
Photoperiod
Short-day
Chemotype
Not recorded

Botanical

Growth Pattern
Not recorded
Branching
Apical dominant
Leaf
Intermediate
Leaflets
Not recorded
Leaf Colour
Dark greens, Purples
Stem Colour
Not recorded
Stigma Colour
Not recorded
Serration
Not recorded
Flower Structure
Not recorded

Aroma and effects

Aroma
Not recorded
Effect
Not recorded

Processing and purpose

Processing
Charas
Processing Notes
Not recorded
Purpose
Not recorded

Geography

Growing Region
Western Himalayas
Growing Area
Parvati Valley
Appellation
Tosh
Country
India
Province
Himachal Pradesh
District
Kullu District
Tehsil
Bhuntar Tehsil
Block
Bhuntar Block
Locality
Tosh
Field
Not recorded
Coordinates
32.015861, 77.451916
Elevation
2,535 m
Aspect
Not recorded

Traditional name

Local Name
गाँजा
Pronunciation
Gāñjā
Translation
Not recorded
Synonyms
Not recorded

Collection

Method
Seeds
Sourcing Type
Point of origin
Autochthonous
Yes
Collection Date
Not recorded
Harvest Date
2022
Collector
Éloïse
Farmer
Not recorded
Expedition
Himachal 2022

Cultivation

Cultivation System
Semi-feral
Scale
Widespread feral populations
Seed Sourcing
Population is self reproducing
Planting Method
Broadcasting
Cycle 1 planting
Not recorded
Cycle 1 harvest
Not recorded
Cycle 2 planting
Not recorded
Cycle 2 harvest
Not recorded
Soil Type
Not recorded
Soil pH
Not recorded

Population

Estimate
Not recorded
Male to Female
30
Hermaphroditism
0
Culling
No
Introgression
Minimal

Conservation

Priority
Medium
Cultivation Status
Active
Enforcement
Active eradication campaigns
Eradication Date
Not recorded

Cultivation details

The recorded population ranged from 1.5 to 3 m in height, with a flowering period of 16 to 20 weeks.

Tosh-Kutla

The Tosh-Kutla accessions begin at the village at 2,764 m, then follow named fields upward through Chhorang at 2,954 m, Goi at 3,100 m and Sharam Thatch at 3,237 m, the highest recorded ground on the expedition. Chhorang and Goi were each separated into a general field selection and a Black selection. Éloïse selected the dark phenotypes deliberately when they appeared.

Tosh-Kutla 'Village' General Population 2022

ZOM-IND-HIM-0920220031

Landrace · General population

Tosh-Kutla · 2,764 m

#1

Classification

Classification
Landrace
Accession Type
General population
Selection Type
Not recorded
Sexual Character
Dioecious
Pollination Type
Open pollination
Flowering Time
16 to 20 weeks
Plant Height
1.5 to 3 m
Photoperiod
Short-day
Chemotype
Not recorded

Botanical

Growth Pattern
Not recorded
Branching
Apical dominant
Leaf
Intermediate
Leaflets
Not recorded
Leaf Colour
Dark greens, Purples
Stem Colour
Not recorded
Stigma Colour
Not recorded
Serration
Not recorded
Flower Structure
Not recorded

Aroma and effects

Aroma
Not recorded
Effect
Not recorded

Processing and purpose

Processing
Charas
Processing Notes
Not recorded
Purpose
Multipurpose

Geography

Growing Region
Western Himalayas
Growing Area
Parvati Valley
Appellation
Tosh Kutla
Country
India
Province
Himachal Pradesh
District
Kullu District
Tehsil
Bhuntar Tehsil
Block
Bhuntar Block
Locality
Tosh-Kutla
Field
Not recorded
Coordinates
32.028744, 77.463955
Elevation
2,764 m
Aspect
Not recorded

Traditional name

Local Name
गाँजा
Pronunciation
Gāñjā
Translation
Not recorded
Synonyms
Not recorded

Collection

Method
Seeds
Sourcing Type
Point of origin
Autochthonous
Yes
Collection Date
Not recorded
Harvest Date
2022
Collector
Éloïse
Farmer
Not recorded
Expedition
Himachal 2022

Cultivation

Cultivation System
Not recorded
Scale
Widespread regional cultivation
Seed Sourcing
Seeds are grown on the farm
Planting Method
Not recorded
Cycle 1 planting
March to May
Cycle 1 harvest
September to December
Cycle 2 planting
Not applicable
Cycle 2 harvest
Not applicable
Soil Type
Not recorded
Soil pH
Not recorded

Population

Estimate
Not recorded
Male to Female
10
Hermaphroditism
0
Culling
Some
Introgression
Minimal

Conservation

Priority
Medium
Cultivation Status
Active
Enforcement
Active eradication campaigns
Eradication Date
Not recorded

Cultivation details

The recorded population ranged from 1.5 to 3 m in height, with a flowering period of 16 to 20 weeks.

Tosh-Kutla 'Village' Selection 2022

ZOM-IND-HIM-0920220032

Landrace · Selection, multiple plants

Tosh-Kutla · 2,764 m

#2

Classification

Classification
Landrace
Accession Type
Selection
Selection Type
Multiple plants
Sexual Character
Dioecious
Pollination Type
Open pollination
Flowering Time
16 to 20 weeks
Plant Height
1.5 to 3 m
Photoperiod
Short-day
Chemotype
Not recorded

Botanical

Growth Pattern
Not recorded
Branching
Apical dominant
Leaf
Intermediate
Leaflets
Not recorded
Leaf Colour
Dark greens, Purples
Stem Colour
Not recorded
Stigma Colour
Not recorded
Serration
Not recorded
Flower Structure
Not recorded

Aroma and effects

Aroma
Not recorded
Effect
Not recorded

Processing and purpose

Processing
Charas
Processing Notes
Not recorded
Purpose
Multipurpose

Geography

Growing Region
Western Himalayas
Growing Area
Parvati Valley
Appellation
Tosh Kutla
Country
India
Province
Himachal Pradesh
District
Kullu District
Tehsil
Bhuntar Tehsil
Block
Bhuntar Block
Locality
Tosh-Kutla
Field
Not recorded
Coordinates
32.028744, 77.463955
Elevation
2,764 m
Aspect
Not recorded

Traditional name

Local Name
गाँजा
Pronunciation
Gāñjā
Translation
Not recorded
Synonyms
Not recorded

Collection

Method
Seeds
Sourcing Type
Point of origin
Autochthonous
Yes
Collection Date
Not recorded
Harvest Date
2022
Collector
Éloïse
Farmer
Not recorded
Expedition
Himachal 2022

Cultivation

Cultivation System
Not recorded
Scale
Widespread regional cultivation
Seed Sourcing
Seeds are grown on the farm
Planting Method
Not recorded
Cycle 1 planting
March to May
Cycle 1 harvest
September to December
Cycle 2 planting
Not applicable
Cycle 2 harvest
Not applicable
Soil Type
Not recorded
Soil pH
Not recorded

Population

Estimate
Not recorded
Male to Female
10
Hermaphroditism
0
Culling
Some
Introgression
Minimal

Conservation

Priority
Medium
Cultivation Status
Active
Enforcement
Active eradication campaigns
Eradication Date
Not recorded

Cultivation details

The recorded population ranged from 1.5 to 3 m in height, with a flowering period of 16 to 20 weeks.

Tosh-Kutla 'Goi' Selection 2022

ZOM-IND-HIM-0920220033

Landrace · Selection, multiple plants

Tosh-Kutla · 3,100 m

#3

Classification

Classification
Landrace
Accession Type
Selection
Selection Type
Multiple plants
Sexual Character
Dioecious
Pollination Type
Open pollination
Flowering Time
16 to 20 weeks
Plant Height
1.5 to 3 m
Photoperiod
Short-day
Chemotype
Not recorded

Botanical

Growth Pattern
Not recorded
Branching
Apical dominant
Leaf
Intermediate
Leaflets
Not recorded
Leaf Colour
Dark greens, Purples, Blacks
Stem Colour
Not recorded
Stigma Colour
Not recorded
Serration
Not recorded
Flower Structure
Not recorded

Aroma and effects

Aroma
Not recorded
Effect
Not recorded

Processing and purpose

Processing
Charas
Processing Notes
Not recorded
Purpose
Multipurpose

Geography

Growing Region
Western Himalayas
Growing Area
Parvati Valley
Appellation
Tosh Kutla
Country
India
Province
Himachal Pradesh
District
Kullu District
Tehsil
Bhuntar Tehsil
Block
Bhuntar Block
Locality
Tosh-Kutla
Field
Goi
Coordinates
32.036220, 77.467666
Elevation
3,100 m
Aspect
Not recorded

Traditional name

Local Name
गाँजा
Pronunciation
Gāñjā
Translation
Not recorded
Synonyms
Not recorded

Collection

Method
Seeds
Sourcing Type
Point of origin
Autochthonous
Yes
Collection Date
Not recorded
Harvest Date
2022
Collector
Éloïse
Farmer
Not recorded
Expedition
Himachal 2022

Cultivation

Cultivation System
Not recorded
Scale
Widespread regional cultivation
Seed Sourcing
Seeds are grown on the farm
Planting Method
Not recorded
Cycle 1 planting
March to May
Cycle 1 harvest
September to December
Cycle 2 planting
Not applicable
Cycle 2 harvest
Not applicable
Soil Type
Not recorded
Soil pH
Not recorded

Population

Estimate
Not recorded
Male to Female
10
Hermaphroditism
0
Culling
Some
Introgression
Minimal

Conservation

Priority
Medium
Cultivation Status
Active
Enforcement
Active eradication campaigns
Eradication Date
Not recorded

Cultivation details

The recorded population ranged from 1.5 to 3 m in height, with a flowering period of 16 to 20 weeks.

Tosh-Kutla 'Goi Black' Selection 2022

ZOM-IND-HIM-0920220034

Landrace · Selection, multiple plants

Tosh-Kutla · 3,100 m

#4

Classification

Classification
Landrace
Accession Type
Selection
Selection Type
Multiple plants
Sexual Character
Dioecious
Pollination Type
Open pollination
Flowering Time
16 to 20 weeks
Plant Height
1.5 to 3 m
Photoperiod
Short-day
Chemotype
Not recorded

Botanical

Growth Pattern
Not recorded
Branching
Apical dominant
Leaf
Intermediate
Leaflets
Not recorded
Leaf Colour
Dark greens, Purples, Blacks
Stem Colour
Not recorded
Stigma Colour
Not recorded
Serration
Not recorded
Flower Structure
Not recorded

Aroma and effects

Aroma
Not recorded
Effect
Not recorded

Processing and purpose

Processing
Charas
Processing Notes
Not recorded
Purpose
Multipurpose

Geography

Growing Region
Western Himalayas
Growing Area
Parvati Valley
Appellation
Tosh Kutla
Country
India
Province
Himachal Pradesh
District
Kullu District
Tehsil
Bhuntar Tehsil
Block
Bhuntar Block
Locality
Tosh-Kutla
Field
Goi
Coordinates
32.036220, 77.467666
Elevation
3,100 m
Aspect
Not recorded

Traditional name

Local Name
गाँजा
Pronunciation
Gāñjā
Translation
Not recorded
Synonyms
Not recorded

Collection

Method
Seeds
Sourcing Type
Point of origin
Autochthonous
Yes
Collection Date
Not recorded
Harvest Date
2022
Collector
Éloïse
Farmer
Not recorded
Expedition
Himachal 2022

Cultivation

Cultivation System
Not recorded
Scale
Widespread regional cultivation
Seed Sourcing
Seeds are grown on the farm
Planting Method
Not recorded
Cycle 1 planting
March to May
Cycle 1 harvest
September to December
Cycle 2 planting
Not applicable
Cycle 2 harvest
Not applicable
Soil Type
Not recorded
Soil pH
Not recorded

Population

Estimate
Not recorded
Male to Female
10
Hermaphroditism
0
Culling
Some
Introgression
Minimal

Conservation

Priority
Medium
Cultivation Status
Active
Enforcement
Active eradication campaigns
Eradication Date
Not recorded

Cultivation details

The recorded population ranged from 1.5 to 3 m in height, with a flowering period of 16 to 20 weeks.

Tosh-Kutla 'Chhorang' Selection 2022

ZOM-IND-HIM-0920220035

Landrace · Selection, multiple plants

Tosh-Kutla · 2,954 m

#5

Classification

Classification
Landrace
Accession Type
Selection
Selection Type
Multiple plants
Sexual Character
Dioecious
Pollination Type
Open pollination
Flowering Time
16 to 20 weeks
Plant Height
1.5 to 3 m
Photoperiod
Short-day
Chemotype
Not recorded

Botanical

Growth Pattern
Not recorded
Branching
Apical dominant
Leaf
Intermediate
Leaflets
Not recorded
Leaf Colour
Dark greens, Purples, Blacks
Stem Colour
Not recorded
Stigma Colour
Not recorded
Serration
Not recorded
Flower Structure
Not recorded

Aroma and effects

Aroma
Not recorded
Effect
Not recorded

Processing and purpose

Processing
Charas
Processing Notes
Not recorded
Purpose
Not recorded

Geography

Growing Region
Western Himalayas
Growing Area
Parvati Valley
Appellation
Tosh Kutla
Country
India
Province
Himachal Pradesh
District
Kullu District
Tehsil
Bhuntar Tehsil
Block
Bhuntar Block
Locality
Tosh-Kutla
Field
Chhorang
Coordinates
32.034840, 77.471836
Elevation
2,954 m
Aspect
Not recorded

Traditional name

Local Name
गाँजा
Pronunciation
Gāñjā
Translation
Not recorded
Synonyms
Not recorded

Collection

Method
Seeds
Sourcing Type
Point of origin
Autochthonous
Yes
Collection Date
Not recorded
Harvest Date
2022
Collector
Éloïse
Farmer
Not recorded
Expedition
Himachal 2022

Cultivation

Cultivation System
Not recorded
Scale
Widespread regional cultivation
Seed Sourcing
Seeds are grown on the farm
Planting Method
Not recorded
Cycle 1 planting
Not recorded
Cycle 1 harvest
Not recorded
Cycle 2 planting
Not recorded
Cycle 2 harvest
Not recorded
Soil Type
Not recorded
Soil pH
Not recorded

Population

Estimate
Not recorded
Male to Female
10
Hermaphroditism
0
Culling
Some
Introgression
Minimal

Conservation

Priority
Medium
Cultivation Status
Active
Enforcement
Active eradication campaigns
Eradication Date
Not recorded

Cultivation details

The recorded population ranged from 1.5 to 3 m in height, with a flowering period of 16 to 20 weeks.

Tosh-Kutla 'Chhorang Black' Selection 2022

ZOM-IND-HIM-0920220036

Landrace · Selection, multiple plants

Tosh-Kutla · 2,954 m

#6

Classification

Classification
Landrace
Accession Type
Selection
Selection Type
Multiple plants
Sexual Character
Dioecious
Pollination Type
Open pollination
Flowering Time
16 to 20 weeks
Plant Height
1.5 to 3 m
Photoperiod
Short-day
Chemotype
Not recorded

Botanical

Growth Pattern
Not recorded
Branching
Apical dominant
Leaf
Intermediate
Leaflets
Not recorded
Leaf Colour
Dark greens, Purples, Blacks
Stem Colour
Not recorded
Stigma Colour
Not recorded
Serration
Not recorded
Flower Structure
Not recorded

Aroma and effects

Aroma
Not recorded
Effect
Not recorded

Processing and purpose

Processing
Charas
Processing Notes
Not recorded
Purpose
Not recorded

Geography

Growing Region
Western Himalayas
Growing Area
Parvati Valley
Appellation
Tosh Kutla
Country
India
Province
Himachal Pradesh
District
Kullu District
Tehsil
Bhuntar Tehsil
Block
Bhuntar Block
Locality
Tosh-Kutla
Field
Chhorang
Coordinates
32.034840, 77.471836
Elevation
2,954 m
Aspect
Not recorded

Traditional name

Local Name
गाँजा
Pronunciation
Gāñjā
Translation
Not recorded
Synonyms
Not recorded

Collection

Method
Seeds
Sourcing Type
Point of origin
Autochthonous
Yes
Collection Date
Not recorded
Harvest Date
2022
Collector
Éloïse
Farmer
Not recorded
Expedition
Himachal 2022

Cultivation

Cultivation System
Not recorded
Scale
Widespread regional cultivation
Seed Sourcing
Seeds are grown on the farm
Planting Method
Not recorded
Cycle 1 planting
Not recorded
Cycle 1 harvest
Not recorded
Cycle 2 planting
Not recorded
Cycle 2 harvest
Not recorded
Soil Type
Not recorded
Soil pH
Not recorded

Population

Estimate
Not recorded
Male to Female
10
Hermaphroditism
0
Culling
Some
Introgression
Minimal

Conservation

Priority
Medium
Cultivation Status
Active
Enforcement
Active eradication campaigns
Eradication Date
Not recorded

Cultivation details

The recorded population ranged from 1.5 to 3 m in height, with a flowering period of 16 to 20 weeks.

Tosh-Kutla 'Sharam Thatch' Selection 2022

ZOM-IND-HIM-0920220037

Landrace · Selection, multiple plants

Tosh-Kutla · 3,237 m

#7

Classification

Classification
Landrace
Accession Type
Selection
Selection Type
Multiple plants
Sexual Character
Dioecious
Pollination Type
Open pollination
Flowering Time
16 to 20 weeks
Plant Height
1.5 to 3 m
Photoperiod
Short-day
Chemotype
Not recorded

Botanical

Growth Pattern
Not recorded
Branching
Apical dominant
Leaf
Intermediate
Leaflets
Not recorded
Leaf Colour
Dark greens, Purples
Stem Colour
Not recorded
Stigma Colour
Not recorded
Serration
Not recorded
Flower Structure
Not recorded

Aroma and effects

Aroma
Not recorded
Effect
Not recorded

Processing and purpose

Processing
Charas
Processing Notes
Not recorded
Purpose
Multipurpose

Geography

Growing Region
Western Himalayas
Growing Area
Parvati Valley
Appellation
Tosh Glacier
Country
India
Province
Himachal Pradesh
District
Kullu District
Tehsil
Bhuntar Tehsil
Block
Bhuntar Block
Locality
Tosh-Kutla
Field
Sharam Thatch
Coordinates
32.060971, 77.488232
Elevation
3,237 m
Aspect
Not recorded

Traditional name

Local Name
गाँजा
Pronunciation
Gāñjā
Translation
Not recorded
Synonyms
Not recorded

Collection

Method
Seeds
Sourcing Type
Point of origin
Autochthonous
Yes
Collection Date
Not recorded
Harvest Date
2022
Collector
Éloïse
Farmer
Not recorded
Expedition
Himachal 2022

Cultivation

Cultivation System
Not recorded
Scale
Widespread regional cultivation
Seed Sourcing
Seeds are grown on the farm
Planting Method
Not recorded
Cycle 1 planting
March to May
Cycle 1 harvest
September to December
Cycle 2 planting
Not applicable
Cycle 2 harvest
Not applicable
Soil Type
Not recorded
Soil pH
Not recorded

Population

Estimate
Not recorded
Male to Female
10
Hermaphroditism
0
Culling
Some
Introgression
Minimal

Conservation

Priority
Medium
Cultivation Status
Active
Enforcement
Active eradication campaigns
Eradication Date
Not recorded

Cultivation details

The recorded population ranged from 1.5 to 3 m in height, with a flowering period of 16 to 20 weeks.

Tosh-Kutla 'Sharam Thatch' Feral Selection 2022

ZOM-IND-HIM-0920220038

Feral · Selection, multiple plants

Tosh-Kutla · 3,237 m

#8

Classification

Classification
Feral
Accession Type
Selection
Selection Type
Multiple plants
Sexual Character
Dioecious
Pollination Type
Open pollination
Flowering Time
16 to 20 weeks
Plant Height
1.5 to 3 m
Photoperiod
Short-day
Chemotype
Not recorded

Botanical

Growth Pattern
Not recorded
Branching
Apical dominant
Leaf
Intermediate
Leaflets
Not recorded
Leaf Colour
Dark greens, Purples
Stem Colour
Not recorded
Stigma Colour
Not recorded
Serration
Not recorded
Flower Structure
Not recorded

Aroma and effects

Aroma
Not recorded
Effect
Not recorded

Processing and purpose

Processing
Charas
Processing Notes
Not recorded
Purpose
Multipurpose

Geography

Growing Region
Western Himalayas
Growing Area
Parvati Valley
Appellation
Tosh Glacier
Country
India
Province
Himachal Pradesh
District
Kullu District
Tehsil
Bhuntar Tehsil
Block
Bhuntar Block
Locality
Tosh-Kutla
Field
Sharam Thatch
Coordinates
32.060971, 77.488232
Elevation
3,237 m
Aspect
Not recorded

Traditional name

Local Name
गाँजा
Pronunciation
Gāñjā
Translation
Not recorded
Synonyms
Not recorded

Collection

Method
Seeds
Sourcing Type
Point of origin
Autochthonous
Yes
Collection Date
Not recorded
Harvest Date
2022
Collector
Éloïse
Farmer
Not recorded
Expedition
Himachal 2022

Cultivation

Cultivation System
Not recorded
Scale
Widespread regional cultivation
Seed Sourcing
Population is self reproducing
Planting Method
Not recorded
Cycle 1 planting
March to May
Cycle 1 harvest
September to December
Cycle 2 planting
Not applicable
Cycle 2 harvest
Not applicable
Soil Type
Not recorded
Soil pH
Not recorded

Population

Estimate
Not recorded
Male to Female
30
Hermaphroditism
0
Culling
No
Introgression
Minimal

Conservation

Priority
Low
Cultivation Status
Active
Enforcement
Active eradication campaigns
Eradication Date
Not recorded

Cultivation details

The recorded population ranged from 1.5 to 3 m in height, with a flowering period of 16 to 20 weeks.

Lapas, 2 October and 1 November

Lapas spans the widest recorded elevation range on the expedition. Bareonah is the lowest point at 2,025 m. The village, its feral selection and both of Prem Baba’s selections sit at 2,208 m. Upper, Tiny Seed and Big Seed share the 2,853 m position, with Sargi Top above them at 3,179 m. Tiny Seed and Big Seed came from adjacent feral plants whose seed differed sharply in size, which is why they remain separate accessions.

Prem Baba is the public alias of a Lapas farmer. In his interview he talked about almost fifty years of farming, the shift from feral material toward larger planted fields and the role of rubbing in releasing seed. The first visit came before the crop was ready in quantity. Éloïse returned on 1 November during the working season.

Broad Lapas hillside field of cannabis below a mountain ridge.
A broad Lapas field occupying the steep slope below the ridge.

Lapas Village General Population 2022

ZOM-IND-HIM-1020220001

Landrace · General population

Lapas · 2,208 m

#1

Classification

Classification
Landrace
Accession Type
General population
Selection Type
Not recorded
Sexual Character
Dioecious
Pollination Type
Open pollination
Flowering Time
16 to 20 weeks
Plant Height
1.5 to 3 m
Photoperiod
Short-day
Chemotype
Not recorded

Botanical

Growth Pattern
Not recorded
Branching
Not recorded
Leaf
Intermediate
Leaflets
Not recorded
Leaf Colour
Not recorded
Stem Colour
Not recorded
Stigma Colour
Not recorded
Serration
Not recorded
Flower Structure
Not recorded

Aroma and effects

Aroma
Not recorded
Effect
Not recorded

Processing and purpose

Processing
Charas
Processing Notes
Not recorded
Purpose
Not recorded

Geography

Growing Region
Western Himalayas
Growing Area
Parvati Valley
Appellation
Lapas
Country
India
Province
Himachal Pradesh
District
Kullu District
Tehsil
Bhuntar Tehsil
Block
Bhuntar Block
Locality
Lapas
Field
Not recorded
Coordinates
32.027025, 77.366452
Elevation
2,208 m
Aspect
Not recorded

Traditional name

Local Name
गाँजा
Pronunciation
Gāñjā
Translation
Not recorded
Synonyms
Not recorded

Collection

Method
Seeds
Sourcing Type
Point of origin
Autochthonous
Yes
Collection Date
Not recorded
Harvest Date
2022
Collector
Éloïse
Farmer
Not recorded
Expedition
Himachal 2022

Cultivation

Cultivation System
Not recorded
Scale
Widespread regional cultivation
Seed Sourcing
Seeds are grown on the farm
Planting Method
Not recorded
Cycle 1 planting
Not recorded
Cycle 1 harvest
Not recorded
Cycle 2 planting
Not recorded
Cycle 2 harvest
Not recorded
Soil Type
Not recorded
Soil pH
Not recorded

Population

Estimate
Not recorded
Male to Female
10
Hermaphroditism
0
Culling
Some
Introgression
Minimal

Conservation

Priority
Medium
Cultivation Status
Active
Enforcement
Active eradication campaigns
Eradication Date
Not recorded

Cultivation details

The recorded population ranged from 1.5 to 3 m in height, with a flowering period of 16 to 20 weeks.

Lapas ‘Upper’ Selection 2022

ZOM-IND-HIM-1020220002

Landrace · Selection, multiple plants

Lapas · 2,853 m

#2

Classification

Classification
Landrace
Accession Type
Selection
Selection Type
Multiple plants
Sexual Character
Dioecious
Pollination Type
Open pollination
Flowering Time
16 to 20 weeks
Plant Height
1.5 to 3 m
Photoperiod
Short-day
Chemotype
Not recorded

Botanical

Growth Pattern
Not recorded
Branching
Not recorded
Leaf
Intermediate
Leaflets
Not recorded
Leaf Colour
Not recorded
Stem Colour
Not recorded
Stigma Colour
Not recorded
Serration
Not recorded
Flower Structure
Not recorded

Aroma and effects

Aroma
Not recorded
Effect
Not recorded

Processing and purpose

Processing
Charas
Processing Notes
Not recorded
Purpose
Not recorded

Geography

Growing Region
Western Himalayas
Growing Area
Parvati Valley
Appellation
Lapas
Country
India
Province
Himachal Pradesh
District
Kullu District
Tehsil
Bhuntar Tehsil
Block
Bhuntar Block
Locality
Lapas
Field
Lapas Upper
Coordinates
32.033675, 77.371613
Elevation
2,853 m
Aspect
Not recorded

Traditional name

Local Name
गाँजा
Pronunciation
Gāñjā
Translation
Not recorded
Synonyms
Not recorded

Collection

Method
Seeds
Sourcing Type
Point of origin
Autochthonous
Yes
Collection Date
Not recorded
Harvest Date
2022
Collector
Éloïse
Farmer
Not recorded
Expedition
Himachal 2022

Cultivation

Cultivation System
Not recorded
Scale
Widespread regional cultivation
Seed Sourcing
Seeds are grown on the farm
Planting Method
Not recorded
Cycle 1 planting
Not recorded
Cycle 1 harvest
Not recorded
Cycle 2 planting
Not recorded
Cycle 2 harvest
Not recorded
Soil Type
Not recorded
Soil pH
Not recorded

Population

Estimate
Not recorded
Male to Female
10
Hermaphroditism
0
Culling
Some
Introgression
Minimal

Conservation

Priority
Medium
Cultivation Status
Active
Enforcement
Active eradication campaigns
Eradication Date
Not recorded

Cultivation details

The recorded population ranged from 1.5 to 3 m in height, with a flowering period of 16 to 20 weeks.

Lapas ‘Sargi Top’ Selection 2022

ZOM-IND-HIM-1020220003

Landrace · Selection, multiple plants

Lapas · 3,179 m

#3

Classification

Classification
Landrace
Accession Type
Selection
Selection Type
Multiple plants
Sexual Character
Dioecious
Pollination Type
Open pollination
Flowering Time
16 to 20 weeks
Plant Height
1.5 to 3 m
Photoperiod
Short-day
Chemotype
Not recorded

Botanical

Growth Pattern
Not recorded
Branching
Not recorded
Leaf
Intermediate
Leaflets
Not recorded
Leaf Colour
Not recorded
Stem Colour
Not recorded
Stigma Colour
Not recorded
Serration
Not recorded
Flower Structure
Not recorded

Aroma and effects

Aroma
Not recorded
Effect
Not recorded

Processing and purpose

Processing
Charas
Processing Notes
Not recorded
Purpose
Not recorded

Geography

Growing Region
Western Himalayas
Growing Area
Parvati Valley
Appellation
Lapas
Country
India
Province
Himachal Pradesh
District
Kullu District
Tehsil
Bhuntar Tehsil
Block
Bhuntar Block
Locality
Lapas
Field
Sargi Top
Coordinates
32.037661, 77.371053
Elevation
3,179 m
Aspect
Not recorded

Traditional name

Local Name
गाँजा
Pronunciation
Gāñjā
Translation
Not recorded
Synonyms
Not recorded

Collection

Method
Seeds
Sourcing Type
Point of origin
Autochthonous
Yes
Collection Date
Not recorded
Harvest Date
2022
Collector
Éloïse
Farmer
Not recorded
Expedition
Himachal 2022

Cultivation

Cultivation System
Not recorded
Scale
Widespread regional cultivation
Seed Sourcing
Seeds are grown on the farm
Planting Method
Not recorded
Cycle 1 planting
Not recorded
Cycle 1 harvest
Not recorded
Cycle 2 planting
Not recorded
Cycle 2 harvest
Not recorded
Soil Type
Not recorded
Soil pH
Not recorded

Population

Estimate
Not recorded
Male to Female
10
Hermaphroditism
0
Culling
Some
Introgression
Minimal

Conservation

Priority
Medium
Cultivation Status
Active
Enforcement
Active eradication campaigns
Eradication Date
Not recorded

Cultivation details

The recorded population ranged from 1.5 to 3 m in height, with a flowering period of 16 to 20 weeks.

Lapas ‘Bareonah’ Selection 2022

ZOM-IND-HIM-1020220004

Landrace · Selection, multiple plants

Lapas · 2,025 m

#4

Classification

Classification
Landrace
Accession Type
Selection
Selection Type
Multiple plants
Sexual Character
Dioecious
Pollination Type
Open pollination
Flowering Time
16 to 20 weeks
Plant Height
1.5 to 3 m
Photoperiod
Short-day
Chemotype
Not recorded

Botanical

Growth Pattern
Not recorded
Branching
Not recorded
Leaf
Intermediate
Leaflets
Not recorded
Leaf Colour
Not recorded
Stem Colour
Not recorded
Stigma Colour
Not recorded
Serration
Not recorded
Flower Structure
Not recorded

Aroma and effects

Aroma
Not recorded
Effect
Not recorded

Processing and purpose

Processing
Charas
Processing Notes
Not recorded
Purpose
Multipurpose

Geography

Growing Region
Western Himalayas
Growing Area
Parvati Valley
Appellation
Lapas
Country
India
Province
Himachal Pradesh
District
Kullu District
Tehsil
Bhuntar Tehsil
Block
Bhuntar Block
Locality
Lapas
Field
Bareonah
Coordinates
32.056503, 77.355195
Elevation
2,025 m
Aspect
Not recorded

Traditional name

Local Name
गाँजा
Pronunciation
Gāñjā
Translation
Not recorded
Synonyms
Not recorded

Collection

Method
Seeds
Sourcing Type
Point of origin
Autochthonous
Yes
Collection Date
Not recorded
Harvest Date
2022
Collector
Éloïse
Farmer
Not recorded
Expedition
Himachal 2022

Cultivation

Cultivation System
Not recorded
Scale
Widespread regional cultivation
Seed Sourcing
Seeds are grown on the farm
Planting Method
Not recorded
Cycle 1 planting
March to May
Cycle 1 harvest
September to December
Cycle 2 planting
Not applicable
Cycle 2 harvest
Not applicable
Soil Type
Not recorded
Soil pH
Not recorded

Population

Estimate
Not recorded
Male to Female
10
Hermaphroditism
0
Culling
Some
Introgression
Minimal

Conservation

Priority
Medium
Cultivation Status
Active
Enforcement
Active eradication campaigns
Eradication Date
Not recorded

Cultivation details

The recorded population ranged from 1.5 to 3 m in height, with a flowering period of 16 to 20 weeks.

Lapas ‘Prem Baba’s’ Selection 2022

ZOM-IND-HIM-1020220005

Landrace · Selection, multiple plants

Lapas · 2,208 m

#5

Classification

Classification
Landrace
Accession Type
Selection
Selection Type
Multiple plants
Sexual Character
Dioecious
Pollination Type
Open pollination
Flowering Time
16 to 20 weeks
Plant Height
1.5 to 3 m
Photoperiod
Short-day
Chemotype
Not recorded

Botanical

Growth Pattern
Not recorded
Branching
Not recorded
Leaf
Intermediate
Leaflets
Not recorded
Leaf Colour
Not recorded
Stem Colour
Not recorded
Stigma Colour
Not recorded
Serration
Not recorded
Flower Structure
Not recorded

Aroma and effects

Aroma
Not recorded
Effect
Not recorded

Processing and purpose

Processing
Charas
Processing Notes
Not recorded
Purpose
Multipurpose

Geography

Growing Region
Western Himalayas
Growing Area
Parvati Valley
Appellation
Lapas
Country
India
Province
Himachal Pradesh
District
Kullu District
Tehsil
Bhuntar Tehsil
Block
Bhuntar Block
Locality
Lapas
Field
Not recorded
Coordinates
32.027025, 77.366452
Elevation
2,208 m
Aspect
Not recorded

Traditional name

Local Name
गाँजा
Pronunciation
Gāñjā
Translation
Not recorded
Synonyms
Not recorded

Collection

Method
Seeds
Sourcing Type
Point of origin
Autochthonous
Yes
Collection Date
Not recorded
Harvest Date
2022
Collector
Éloïse
Farmer
Not recorded
Expedition
Himachal 2022

Cultivation

Cultivation System
Not recorded
Scale
Widespread regional cultivation
Seed Sourcing
Seeds are grown on the farm
Planting Method
Not recorded
Cycle 1 planting
March to May
Cycle 1 harvest
September to December
Cycle 2 planting
Not applicable
Cycle 2 harvest
Not applicable
Soil Type
Not recorded
Soil pH
Not recorded

Population

Estimate
Not recorded
Male to Female
10
Hermaphroditism
0
Culling
Some
Introgression
Minimal

Conservation

Priority
Medium
Cultivation Status
Active
Enforcement
Active eradication campaigns
Eradication Date
Not recorded

Cultivation details

The recorded population ranged from 1.5 to 3 m in height, with a flowering period of 16 to 20 weeks.

Lapas ‘Prem Baba’s Hashplant’ Selection 2022

ZOM-IND-HIM-1020220006

Landrace · Selection, multiple plants

Lapas · 2,208 m

#6

Classification

Classification
Landrace
Accession Type
Selection
Selection Type
Multiple plants
Sexual Character
Dioecious
Pollination Type
Open pollination
Flowering Time
16 to 20 weeks
Plant Height
1.5 to 3 m
Photoperiod
Short-day
Chemotype
Not recorded

Botanical

Growth Pattern
Not recorded
Branching
Not recorded
Leaf
Intermediate
Leaflets
Not recorded
Leaf Colour
Not recorded
Stem Colour
Not recorded
Stigma Colour
Not recorded
Serration
Not recorded
Flower Structure
Not recorded

Aroma and effects

Aroma
Not recorded
Effect
Not recorded

Processing and purpose

Processing
Charas
Processing Notes
Not recorded
Purpose
Multipurpose

Geography

Growing Region
Western Himalayas
Growing Area
Parvati Valley
Appellation
Lapas
Country
India
Province
Himachal Pradesh
District
Kullu District
Tehsil
Bhuntar Tehsil
Block
Bhuntar Block
Locality
Lapas
Field
Not recorded
Coordinates
32.027025, 77.366452
Elevation
2,208 m
Aspect
Not recorded

Traditional name

Local Name
गाँजा
Pronunciation
Gāñjā
Translation
Not recorded
Synonyms
Not recorded

Collection

Method
Seeds
Sourcing Type
Point of origin
Autochthonous
Yes
Collection Date
Not recorded
Harvest Date
2022
Collector
Éloïse
Farmer
Not recorded
Expedition
Himachal 2022

Cultivation

Cultivation System
Not recorded
Scale
Widespread regional cultivation
Seed Sourcing
Seeds are grown on the farm
Planting Method
Not recorded
Cycle 1 planting
March to May
Cycle 1 harvest
September to December
Cycle 2 planting
Not applicable
Cycle 2 harvest
Not applicable
Soil Type
Not recorded
Soil pH
Not recorded

Population

Estimate
Not recorded
Male to Female
10
Hermaphroditism
0
Culling
Some
Introgression
Minimal

Conservation

Priority
Medium
Cultivation Status
Active
Enforcement
Active eradication campaigns
Eradication Date
Not recorded

Cultivation details

The recorded population ranged from 1.5 to 3 m in height, with a flowering period of 16 to 20 weeks.

Lapas ‘Tiny Seed’ Feral Selection 2022

ZOM-IND-HIM-1020220007

Feral · Selection, multiple plants

Lapas · 2,853 m

#7

Classification

Classification
Feral
Accession Type
Selection
Selection Type
Multiple plants
Sexual Character
Dioecious
Pollination Type
Open pollination
Flowering Time
16 to 20 weeks
Plant Height
1.5 to 3 m
Photoperiod
Short-day
Chemotype
Not recorded

Botanical

Growth Pattern
Not recorded
Branching
Not recorded
Leaf
Intermediate
Leaflets
Not recorded
Leaf Colour
Not recorded
Stem Colour
Not recorded
Stigma Colour
Not recorded
Serration
Not recorded
Flower Structure
Not recorded

Aroma and effects

Aroma
Not recorded
Effect
Not recorded

Processing and purpose

Processing
Charas
Processing Notes
Not recorded
Purpose
Not recorded

Geography

Growing Region
Western Himalayas
Growing Area
Parvati Valley
Appellation
Lapas
Country
India
Province
Himachal Pradesh
District
Kullu District
Tehsil
Bhuntar Tehsil
Block
Bhuntar Block
Locality
Lapas
Field
Not recorded
Coordinates
32.033675, 77.371613
Elevation
2,853 m
Aspect
Not recorded

Traditional name

Local Name
Not recorded
Pronunciation
Not recorded
Translation
Not recorded
Synonyms
Not recorded

Collection

Method
Seeds
Sourcing Type
Point of origin
Autochthonous
Yes
Collection Date
Not recorded
Harvest Date
2022
Collector
Éloïse
Farmer
Not recorded
Expedition
Himachal 2022

Cultivation

Cultivation System
Not recorded
Scale
Widespread feral populations
Seed Sourcing
Population is self reproducing
Planting Method
Not recorded
Cycle 1 planting
March to May
Cycle 1 harvest
September to December
Cycle 2 planting
Not applicable
Cycle 2 harvest
Not applicable
Soil Type
Not recorded
Soil pH
Not recorded

Population

Estimate
Not recorded
Male to Female
30
Hermaphroditism
0
Culling
No
Introgression
Minimal

Conservation

Priority
Low
Cultivation Status
Active
Enforcement
Active eradication campaigns
Eradication Date
Not recorded

Cultivation details

The recorded population ranged from 1.5 to 3 m in height, with a flowering period of 16 to 20 weeks.

Lapas ‘Feral' Selection 2022

ZOM-IND-HIM-1020220008

Feral · Selection, single plant

Lapas · 2,208 m

#8

Classification

Classification
Feral
Accession Type
Selection
Selection Type
Single plant
Sexual Character
Dioecious
Pollination Type
Open pollination
Flowering Time
16 to 20 weeks
Plant Height
1.5 to 3 m
Photoperiod
Short-day
Chemotype
Not recorded

Botanical

Growth Pattern
Not recorded
Branching
Not recorded
Leaf
Intermediate
Leaflets
Not recorded
Leaf Colour
Not recorded
Stem Colour
Not recorded
Stigma Colour
Not recorded
Serration
Not recorded
Flower Structure
Not recorded

Aroma and effects

Aroma
Not recorded
Effect
Not recorded

Processing and purpose

Processing
Charas
Processing Notes
Not recorded
Purpose
Not recorded

Geography

Growing Region
Western Himalayas
Growing Area
Parvati Valley
Appellation
Lapas
Country
India
Province
Himachal Pradesh
District
Kullu District
Tehsil
Bhuntar Tehsil
Block
Bhuntar Block
Locality
Lapas
Field
Not recorded
Coordinates
32.027025, 77.366452
Elevation
2,208 m
Aspect
Not recorded

Traditional name

Local Name
गाँजा
Pronunciation
Gāñjā
Translation
Not recorded
Synonyms
Not recorded

Collection

Method
Seeds
Sourcing Type
Point of origin
Autochthonous
Yes
Collection Date
Not recorded
Harvest Date
2022
Collector
Éloïse
Farmer
Not recorded
Expedition
Himachal 2022

Cultivation

Cultivation System
Not recorded
Scale
Widespread regional cultivation
Seed Sourcing
Population is self reproducing
Planting Method
Not recorded
Cycle 1 planting
March to May
Cycle 1 harvest
September to December
Cycle 2 planting
Not applicable
Cycle 2 harvest
Not applicable
Soil Type
Not recorded
Soil pH
Not recorded

Population

Estimate
Not recorded
Male to Female
30
Hermaphroditism
0
Culling
No
Introgression
Minimal

Conservation

Priority
Low
Cultivation Status
Active
Enforcement
Active eradication campaigns
Eradication Date
Not recorded

Cultivation details

The recorded population ranged from 1.5 to 3 m in height, with a flowering period of 16 to 20 weeks.

Lapas ‘Big Seed’ Feral Selection 2022

ZOM-IND-HIM-1020220117

Feral · Selection, single plant

Lapas · 2,853 m

#9

Classification

Classification
Feral
Accession Type
Selection
Selection Type
Single plant
Sexual Character
Dioecious
Pollination Type
Open pollination
Flowering Time
16 to 20 weeks
Plant Height
1.5 to 3 m
Photoperiod
Short-day
Chemotype
Not recorded

Botanical

Growth Pattern
Not recorded
Branching
Not recorded
Leaf
Intermediate
Leaflets
Not recorded
Leaf Colour
Not recorded
Stem Colour
Not recorded
Stigma Colour
Not recorded
Serration
Not recorded
Flower Structure
Not recorded

Aroma and effects

Aroma
Not recorded
Effect
Not recorded

Processing and purpose

Processing
Charas
Processing Notes
Not recorded
Purpose
Not recorded

Geography

Growing Region
Western Himalayas
Growing Area
Parvati Valley
Appellation
Lapas
Country
India
Province
Himachal Pradesh
District
Kullu District
Tehsil
Bhuntar Tehsil
Block
Bhuntar Block
Locality
Lapas
Field
Not recorded
Coordinates
32.033675, 77.371613
Elevation
2,853 m
Aspect
Not recorded

Traditional name

Local Name
Not recorded
Pronunciation
Not recorded
Translation
Not recorded
Synonyms
Not recorded

Collection

Method
Seeds
Sourcing Type
Point of origin
Autochthonous
Yes
Collection Date
Not recorded
Harvest Date
2022
Collector
Éloïse
Farmer
Not recorded
Expedition
Himachal 2022

Cultivation

Cultivation System
Not recorded
Scale
Widespread feral populations
Seed Sourcing
Population is self reproducing
Planting Method
Not recorded
Cycle 1 planting
Not recorded
Cycle 1 harvest
Not recorded
Cycle 2 planting
Not recorded
Cycle 2 harvest
Not recorded
Soil Type
Not recorded
Soil pH
Not recorded

Population

Estimate
Not recorded
Male to Female
30
Hermaphroditism
0
Culling
No
Introgression
Minimal

Conservation

Priority
Low
Cultivation Status
Active
Enforcement
Active eradication campaigns
Eradication Date
Not recorded

Cultivation details

The recorded population ranged from 1.5 to 3 m in height, with a flowering period of 16 to 20 weeks.

Gohar

The single Gohar accession is the Parla Thatch selection at 2,976 m. Its exact place in the chronology between September and early November remains to be fixed from Éloïse’s notes.

Gohar 'Parla Thatch' Selection 2022

ZOM-IND-HIM-0920220025

Landrace · Selection, multiple plants

Gohar · 2,976 m

#1

Classification

Classification
Landrace
Accession Type
Selection
Selection Type
Multiple plants
Sexual Character
Dioecious
Pollination Type
Open pollination
Flowering Time
16 to 20 weeks
Plant Height
1.5 to 3 m
Photoperiod
Short-day
Chemotype
Not recorded

Botanical

Growth Pattern
Not recorded
Branching
Apical dominant
Leaf
Intermediate
Leaflets
Not recorded
Leaf Colour
Dark greens, Purples
Stem Colour
Not recorded
Stigma Colour
Not recorded
Serration
Not recorded
Flower Structure
Not recorded

Aroma and effects

Aroma
Not recorded
Effect
Not recorded

Processing and purpose

Processing
Charas
Processing Notes
Not recorded
Purpose
Multipurpose

Geography

Growing Region
Western Himalayas
Growing Area
Parvati Valley
Appellation
Gohar
Country
India
Province
Himachal Pradesh
District
Kullu District
Tehsil
Bhuntar Tehsil
Block
Bhuntar Block
Locality
Gohar
Field
Parla Thatch
Coordinates
32.046560, 77.302169
Elevation
2,976 m
Aspect
Not recorded

Traditional name

Local Name
गाँजा
Pronunciation
Gāñjā
Translation
Not recorded
Synonyms
Not recorded

Collection

Method
Seeds
Sourcing Type
Point of origin
Autochthonous
Yes
Collection Date
Not recorded
Harvest Date
2022
Collector
Éloïse
Farmer
Not recorded
Expedition
Himachal 2022

Cultivation

Cultivation System
Rotating, Monoculture
Scale
Widespread regional cultivation
Seed Sourcing
Seeds are grown on the farm
Planting Method
Broadcasting
Cycle 1 planting
March to May
Cycle 1 harvest
September to December
Cycle 2 planting
Not applicable
Cycle 2 harvest
Not applicable
Soil Type
Not recorded
Soil pH
Not recorded

Population

Estimate
Not recorded
Male to Female
10
Hermaphroditism
0
Culling
Some
Introgression
Minimal

Conservation

Priority
Medium
Cultivation Status
Active
Enforcement
Active eradication campaigns
Eradication Date
Not recorded

Cultivation details

The recorded population ranged from 1.5 to 3 m in height, with a flowering period of 16 to 20 weeks.

Malana, 10 October

Éloïse reached Malana from the road side of the valley, rather than by the pass she had intended to cross from Rumsu. The village population was collected at 2,494 m. There is no elevation for the Malndr selection or the feral accession, in the register or in this draft.

Malana 'Village' General Population 2022

ZOM-IND-HIM-1020220023

Landrace · General population

Malana · 2,494 m

#1

Classification

Classification
Landrace
Accession Type
General population
Selection Type
Not recorded
Sexual Character
Dioecious
Pollination Type
Open pollination
Flowering Time
16 to 20 weeks
Plant Height
1.5 to 3 m
Photoperiod
Short-day
Chemotype
Not recorded

Botanical

Growth Pattern
Not recorded
Branching
Not recorded
Leaf
Intermediate
Leaflets
Not recorded
Leaf Colour
Not recorded
Stem Colour
Not recorded
Stigma Colour
Not recorded
Serration
Not recorded
Flower Structure
Not recorded

Aroma and effects

Aroma
Not recorded
Effect
Not recorded

Processing and purpose

Processing
Charas
Processing Notes
Not recorded
Purpose
Not recorded

Geography

Growing Region
Western Himalayas
Growing Area
Malana Valley
Appellation
Malana
Country
India
Province
Himachal Pradesh
District
Kullu District
Tehsil
Bhuntar Tehsil
Block
Bhuntar Block
Locality
Malana
Field
Not recorded
Coordinates
32.062847, 77.263221
Elevation
2,494 m
Aspect
Not recorded

Traditional name

Local Name
गाँजा
Pronunciation
Gāñjā
Translation
Not recorded
Synonyms
Not recorded

Collection

Method
Seeds
Sourcing Type
Point of origin
Autochthonous
Yes
Collection Date
Not recorded
Harvest Date
2022
Collector
Éloïse
Farmer
Not recorded
Expedition
Himachal 2022

Cultivation

Cultivation System
Not recorded
Scale
Widespread regional cultivation
Seed Sourcing
Seeds are grown on the farm
Planting Method
Not recorded
Cycle 1 planting
Not recorded
Cycle 1 harvest
Not recorded
Cycle 2 planting
Not recorded
Cycle 2 harvest
Not recorded
Soil Type
Not recorded
Soil pH
Not recorded

Population

Estimate
Not recorded
Male to Female
10
Hermaphroditism
0
Culling
Some
Introgression
Minimal

Conservation

Priority
Medium
Cultivation Status
Active
Enforcement
Active eradication campaigns
Eradication Date
Not recorded

Cultivation details

The recorded population ranged from 1.5 to 3 m in height, with a flowering period of 16 to 20 weeks.

Malana 'Village' Selection 2022

ZOM-IND-HIM-1020220024

Landrace · Selection, multiple plants

Malana · 2,494 m

#2

Classification

Classification
Landrace
Accession Type
Selection
Selection Type
Multiple plants
Sexual Character
Dioecious
Pollination Type
Open pollination
Flowering Time
16 to 20 weeks
Plant Height
1.5 to 3 m
Photoperiod
Short-day
Chemotype
Not recorded

Botanical

Growth Pattern
Not recorded
Branching
Not recorded
Leaf
Intermediate
Leaflets
Not recorded
Leaf Colour
Not recorded
Stem Colour
Not recorded
Stigma Colour
Not recorded
Serration
Not recorded
Flower Structure
Not recorded

Aroma and effects

Aroma
Not recorded
Effect
Not recorded

Processing and purpose

Processing
Charas
Processing Notes
Not recorded
Purpose
Not recorded

Geography

Growing Region
Western Himalayas
Growing Area
Malana Valley
Appellation
Malana
Country
India
Province
Himachal Pradesh
District
Kullu District
Tehsil
Bhuntar Tehsil
Block
Bhuntar Block
Locality
Malana
Field
Not recorded
Coordinates
32.062847, 77.263221
Elevation
2,494 m
Aspect
Not recorded

Traditional name

Local Name
गाँजा
Pronunciation
Gāñjā
Translation
Not recorded
Synonyms
Not recorded

Collection

Method
Seeds
Sourcing Type
Point of origin
Autochthonous
Yes
Collection Date
Not recorded
Harvest Date
2022
Collector
Éloïse
Farmer
Not recorded
Expedition
Himachal 2022

Cultivation

Cultivation System
Not recorded
Scale
Widespread regional cultivation
Seed Sourcing
Seeds are grown on the farm
Planting Method
Not recorded
Cycle 1 planting
Not recorded
Cycle 1 harvest
Not recorded
Cycle 2 planting
Not recorded
Cycle 2 harvest
Not recorded
Soil Type
Not recorded
Soil pH
Not recorded

Population

Estimate
Not recorded
Male to Female
10
Hermaphroditism
0
Culling
Some
Introgression
Minimal

Conservation

Priority
Medium
Cultivation Status
Active
Enforcement
Active eradication campaigns
Eradication Date
Not recorded

Cultivation details

The recorded population ranged from 1.5 to 3 m in height, with a flowering period of 16 to 20 weeks.

Malana 'Malndr' Selection 2022

ZOM-IND-HIM-1020220026

Landrace · Selection, multiple plants

Malana

#3

Classification

Classification
Landrace
Accession Type
Selection
Selection Type
Multiple plants
Sexual Character
Dioecious
Pollination Type
Open pollination
Flowering Time
16 to 20 weeks
Plant Height
1.5 to 3 m
Photoperiod
Short-day
Chemotype
Not recorded

Botanical

Growth Pattern
Not recorded
Branching
Not recorded
Leaf
Intermediate
Leaflets
Not recorded
Leaf Colour
Not recorded
Stem Colour
Not recorded
Stigma Colour
Not recorded
Serration
Not recorded
Flower Structure
Not recorded

Aroma and effects

Aroma
Not recorded
Effect
Not recorded

Processing and purpose

Processing
Charas
Processing Notes
Not recorded
Purpose
Not recorded

Geography

Growing Region
Western Himalayas
Growing Area
Malana Valley
Appellation
Malana
Country
India
Province
Himachal Pradesh
District
Kullu District
Tehsil
Bhuntar Tehsil
Block
Bhuntar Block
Locality
Malana
Field
Malndr
Coordinates
Not recorded
Elevation
Not recorded
Aspect
Not recorded

Traditional name

Local Name
गाँजा
Pronunciation
Gāñjā
Translation
Not recorded
Synonyms
Not recorded

Collection

Method
Seeds
Sourcing Type
Point of origin
Autochthonous
Yes
Collection Date
Not recorded
Harvest Date
2022
Collector
Éloïse
Farmer
Not recorded
Expedition
Himachal 2022

Cultivation

Cultivation System
Not recorded
Scale
Widespread regional cultivation
Seed Sourcing
Seeds are grown on the farm
Planting Method
Not recorded
Cycle 1 planting
Not recorded
Cycle 1 harvest
Not recorded
Cycle 2 planting
Not recorded
Cycle 2 harvest
Not recorded
Soil Type
Not recorded
Soil pH
Not recorded

Population

Estimate
Not recorded
Male to Female
10
Hermaphroditism
0
Culling
Some
Introgression
Minimal

Conservation

Priority
Not recorded
Cultivation Status
Active
Enforcement
Active eradication campaigns
Eradication Date
Not recorded

Cultivation details

The recorded population ranged from 1.5 to 3 m in height, with a flowering period of 16 to 20 weeks.

Malana Feral Selection 2022

ZOM-IND-HIM-1020220027

Feral · Selection, multiple plants

Malana

#4

Classification

Classification
Feral
Accession Type
Selection
Selection Type
Multiple plants
Sexual Character
Dioecious
Pollination Type
Open pollination
Flowering Time
16 to 20 weeks
Plant Height
1.5 to 3 m
Photoperiod
Short-day
Chemotype
Not recorded

Botanical

Growth Pattern
Not recorded
Branching
Not recorded
Leaf
Intermediate
Leaflets
Not recorded
Leaf Colour
Not recorded
Stem Colour
Not recorded
Stigma Colour
Not recorded
Serration
Not recorded
Flower Structure
Not recorded

Aroma and effects

Aroma
Not recorded
Effect
Not recorded

Processing and purpose

Processing
Charas
Processing Notes
Not recorded
Purpose
Not recorded

Geography

Growing Region
Western Himalayas
Growing Area
Malana Valley
Appellation
Malana
Country
India
Province
Himachal Pradesh
District
Kullu District
Tehsil
Bhuntar Tehsil
Block
Bhuntar Block
Locality
Malana
Field
Not recorded
Coordinates
32.062847, 77.263221
Elevation
Not recorded
Aspect
Not recorded

Traditional name

Local Name
Not recorded
Pronunciation
Not recorded
Translation
Not recorded
Synonyms
Not recorded

Collection

Method
Seeds
Sourcing Type
Point of origin
Autochthonous
Yes
Collection Date
Not recorded
Harvest Date
2022
Collector
Éloïse
Farmer
Not recorded
Expedition
Himachal 2022

Cultivation

Cultivation System
Not recorded
Scale
Widespread feral populations
Seed Sourcing
Population is self reproducing
Planting Method
Not recorded
Cycle 1 planting
Not recorded
Cycle 1 harvest
Not recorded
Cycle 2 planting
Not recorded
Cycle 2 harvest
Not recorded
Soil Type
Not recorded
Soil pH
Not recorded

Population

Estimate
Not recorded
Male to Female
30
Hermaphroditism
0
Culling
No
Introgression
Minimal

Conservation

Priority
Low
Cultivation Status
Active
Enforcement
Active eradication campaigns
Eradication Date
Not recorded

Cultivation details

The recorded population ranged from 1.5 to 3 m in height, with a flowering period of 16 to 20 weeks.

Tosco

Tosco is a Malana selection from 2,743 m and has no named accession population of its own.

Malana 'Tosco' Selection 2022

ZOM-IND-HIM-1020220025

Landrace · Selection, multiple plants

Tosco · 2,743 m

#1

Classification

Classification
Landrace
Accession Type
Selection
Selection Type
Multiple plants
Sexual Character
Dioecious
Pollination Type
Open pollination
Flowering Time
16 to 20 weeks
Plant Height
1.5 to 3 m
Photoperiod
Short-day
Chemotype
Not recorded

Botanical

Growth Pattern
Not recorded
Branching
Not recorded
Leaf
Intermediate
Leaflets
Not recorded
Leaf Colour
Not recorded
Stem Colour
Not recorded
Stigma Colour
Not recorded
Serration
Not recorded
Flower Structure
Not recorded

Aroma and effects

Aroma
Not recorded
Effect
Not recorded

Processing and purpose

Processing
Charas
Processing Notes
Not recorded
Purpose
Not recorded

Geography

Growing Region
Western Himalayas
Growing Area
Malana Valley
Appellation
Malana
Country
India
Province
Himachal Pradesh
District
Kullu District
Tehsil
Bhuntar Tehsil
Block
Bhuntar Block
Locality
Tosco
Field
Tosco
Coordinates
32.054903, 77.246122
Elevation
2,743 m
Aspect
Not recorded

Traditional name

Local Name
गाँजा
Pronunciation
Gāñjā
Translation
Not recorded
Synonyms
Not recorded

Collection

Method
Seeds
Sourcing Type
Point of origin
Autochthonous
Yes
Collection Date
Not recorded
Harvest Date
2022
Collector
Éloïse
Farmer
Not recorded
Expedition
Himachal 2022

Cultivation

Cultivation System
Not recorded
Scale
Widespread regional cultivation
Seed Sourcing
Seeds are grown on the farm
Planting Method
Not recorded
Cycle 1 planting
Not recorded
Cycle 1 harvest
Not recorded
Cycle 2 planting
Not recorded
Cycle 2 harvest
Not recorded
Soil Type
Not recorded
Soil pH
Not recorded

Population

Estimate
Not recorded
Male to Female
10
Hermaphroditism
0
Culling
Some
Introgression
Minimal

Conservation

Priority
Medium
Cultivation Status
Active
Enforcement
Active eradication campaigns
Eradication Date
Not recorded

Cultivation details

The recorded population ranged from 1.5 to 3 m in height, with a flowering period of 16 to 20 weeks.

Waichin, from 11 October

Waichin begins at 2,891 m with village, general population and feral accessions, rises to Thal at 3,013 m and reaches 3,132 m at the Upper selection. Thal was recorded twice at the same position, once cultivated and once feral.

Waichin General Population 2022

ZOM-IND-HIM-1020220009

Landrace · General population

Waichin · 2,891 m

#1

Classification

Classification
Landrace
Accession Type
General population
Selection Type
Not recorded
Sexual Character
Dioecious
Pollination Type
Open pollination
Flowering Time
16 to 20 weeks
Plant Height
1.5 to 3 m
Photoperiod
Short-day
Chemotype
Not recorded

Botanical

Growth Pattern
Not recorded
Branching
Not recorded
Leaf
Intermediate
Leaflets
Not recorded
Leaf Colour
Not recorded
Stem Colour
Not recorded
Stigma Colour
Not recorded
Serration
Not recorded
Flower Structure
Not recorded

Aroma and effects

Aroma
Not recorded
Effect
Not recorded

Processing and purpose

Processing
Charas
Processing Notes
Not recorded
Purpose
Multipurpose

Geography

Growing Region
Western Himalayas
Growing Area
Malana Valley
Appellation
Waichin
Country
India
Province
Himachal Pradesh
District
Kullu District
Tehsil
Bhuntar Tehsil
Block
Bhuntar Block
Locality
Waichin
Field
Not recorded
Coordinates
32.096735, 77.287072
Elevation
2,891 m
Aspect
Not recorded

Traditional name

Local Name
गाँजा
Pronunciation
Gāñjā
Translation
Not recorded
Synonyms
Not recorded

Collection

Method
Seeds
Sourcing Type
Point of origin
Autochthonous
Yes
Collection Date
Not recorded
Harvest Date
2022
Collector
Éloïse
Farmer
Not recorded
Expedition
Himachal 2022

Cultivation

Cultivation System
Not recorded
Scale
Widespread regional cultivation
Seed Sourcing
Seeds are grown on the farm
Planting Method
Not recorded
Cycle 1 planting
March to May
Cycle 1 harvest
September to December
Cycle 2 planting
Not applicable
Cycle 2 harvest
Not applicable
Soil Type
Not recorded
Soil pH
Not recorded

Population

Estimate
Not recorded
Male to Female
10
Hermaphroditism
0
Culling
Some
Introgression
Minimal

Conservation

Priority
Medium
Cultivation Status
Active
Enforcement
Active eradication campaigns
Eradication Date
Not recorded

Cultivation details

The recorded population ranged from 1.5 to 3 m in height, with a flowering period of 16 to 20 weeks.

Waichin 'Village' Selection 2022

ZOM-IND-HIM-1020220010

Landrace · Selection, multiple plants

Waichin · 2,891 m

#2

Classification

Classification
Landrace
Accession Type
Selection
Selection Type
Multiple plants
Sexual Character
Dioecious
Pollination Type
Open pollination
Flowering Time
16 to 20 weeks
Plant Height
1.5 to 3 m
Photoperiod
Short-day
Chemotype
Not recorded

Botanical

Growth Pattern
Not recorded
Branching
Not recorded
Leaf
Intermediate
Leaflets
Not recorded
Leaf Colour
Not recorded
Stem Colour
Not recorded
Stigma Colour
Not recorded
Serration
Not recorded
Flower Structure
Not recorded

Aroma and effects

Aroma
Not recorded
Effect
Not recorded

Processing and purpose

Processing
Charas
Processing Notes
Not recorded
Purpose
Multipurpose

Geography

Growing Region
Western Himalayas
Growing Area
Malana Valley
Appellation
Waichin
Country
India
Province
Himachal Pradesh
District
Kullu District
Tehsil
Bhuntar Tehsil
Block
Bhuntar Block
Locality
Waichin
Field
Not recorded
Coordinates
32.096735, 77.287072
Elevation
2,891 m
Aspect
Not recorded

Traditional name

Local Name
गाँजा
Pronunciation
Gāñjā
Translation
Not recorded
Synonyms
Not recorded

Collection

Method
Seeds
Sourcing Type
Point of origin
Autochthonous
Yes
Collection Date
Not recorded
Harvest Date
2022
Collector
Éloïse
Farmer
Not recorded
Expedition
Himachal 2022

Cultivation

Cultivation System
Not recorded
Scale
Widespread regional cultivation
Seed Sourcing
Seeds are grown on the farm
Planting Method
Not recorded
Cycle 1 planting
March to May
Cycle 1 harvest
September to December
Cycle 2 planting
Not applicable
Cycle 2 harvest
Not applicable
Soil Type
Not recorded
Soil pH
Not recorded

Population

Estimate
Not recorded
Male to Female
10
Hermaphroditism
0
Culling
Some
Introgression
Minimal

Conservation

Priority
Medium
Cultivation Status
Active
Enforcement
Active eradication campaigns
Eradication Date
Not recorded

Cultivation details

The recorded population ranged from 1.5 to 3 m in height, with a flowering period of 16 to 20 weeks.

Waichin 'Upper' Selection 2022

ZOM-IND-HIM-1020220011

Landrace · Selection, multiple plants

Waichin · 3,132 m

#3

Classification

Classification
Landrace
Accession Type
Selection
Selection Type
Multiple plants
Sexual Character
Dioecious
Pollination Type
Open pollination
Flowering Time
16 to 20 weeks
Plant Height
1.5 to 3 m
Photoperiod
Short-day
Chemotype
Not recorded

Botanical

Growth Pattern
Not recorded
Branching
Not recorded
Leaf
Intermediate
Leaflets
Not recorded
Leaf Colour
Not recorded
Stem Colour
Not recorded
Stigma Colour
Not recorded
Serration
Not recorded
Flower Structure
Not recorded

Aroma and effects

Aroma
Not recorded
Effect
Not recorded

Processing and purpose

Processing
Charas
Processing Notes
Not recorded
Purpose
Not recorded

Geography

Growing Region
Western Himalayas
Growing Area
Malana Valley
Appellation
Waichin
Country
India
Province
Himachal Pradesh
District
Kullu District
Tehsil
Bhuntar Tehsil
Block
Bhuntar Block
Locality
Waichin
Field
Waichin Upper
Coordinates
32.100402, 77.287149
Elevation
3,132 m
Aspect
Not recorded

Traditional name

Local Name
गाँजा
Pronunciation
Gāñjā
Translation
Not recorded
Synonyms
Not recorded

Collection

Method
Seeds
Sourcing Type
Point of origin
Autochthonous
Yes
Collection Date
Not recorded
Harvest Date
2022
Collector
Éloïse
Farmer
Not recorded
Expedition
Himachal 2022

Cultivation

Cultivation System
Not recorded
Scale
Widespread regional cultivation
Seed Sourcing
Seeds are grown on the farm
Planting Method
Not recorded
Cycle 1 planting
Not recorded
Cycle 1 harvest
Not recorded
Cycle 2 planting
Not recorded
Cycle 2 harvest
Not recorded
Soil Type
Not recorded
Soil pH
Not recorded

Population

Estimate
Not recorded
Male to Female
10
Hermaphroditism
0
Culling
Some
Introgression
Minimal

Conservation

Priority
Medium
Cultivation Status
Active
Enforcement
Active eradication campaigns
Eradication Date
Not recorded

Cultivation details

The recorded population ranged from 1.5 to 3 m in height, with a flowering period of 16 to 20 weeks.

Waichin 'Thal' Selection 2022

ZOM-IND-HIM-1020220012

Landrace · Selection, multiple plants

Waichin · 3,013 m

#4

Classification

Classification
Landrace
Accession Type
Selection
Selection Type
Multiple plants
Sexual Character
Dioecious
Pollination Type
Open pollination
Flowering Time
16 to 20 weeks
Plant Height
1.5 to 3 m
Photoperiod
Short-day
Chemotype
Not recorded

Botanical

Growth Pattern
Not recorded
Branching
Not recorded
Leaf
Intermediate
Leaflets
Not recorded
Leaf Colour
Not recorded
Stem Colour
Not recorded
Stigma Colour
Not recorded
Serration
Not recorded
Flower Structure
Not recorded

Aroma and effects

Aroma
Not recorded
Effect
Not recorded

Processing and purpose

Processing
Charas
Processing Notes
Not recorded
Purpose
Multipurpose

Geography

Growing Region
Western Himalayas
Growing Area
Malana Valley
Appellation
Waichin
Country
India
Province
Himachal Pradesh
District
Kullu District
Tehsil
Bhuntar Tehsil
Block
Bhuntar Block
Locality
Waichin
Field
Thal
Coordinates
32.101758, 77.309196
Elevation
3,013 m
Aspect
Not recorded

Traditional name

Local Name
गाँजा
Pronunciation
Gāñjā
Translation
Not recorded
Synonyms
Not recorded

Collection

Method
Seeds
Sourcing Type
Point of origin
Autochthonous
Yes
Collection Date
Not recorded
Harvest Date
2022
Collector
Éloïse
Farmer
Not recorded
Expedition
Himachal 2022

Cultivation

Cultivation System
Not recorded
Scale
Widespread regional cultivation
Seed Sourcing
Seeds are grown on the farm
Planting Method
Not recorded
Cycle 1 planting
March to May
Cycle 1 harvest
September to December
Cycle 2 planting
Not applicable
Cycle 2 harvest
Not applicable
Soil Type
Not recorded
Soil pH
Not recorded

Population

Estimate
Not recorded
Male to Female
10
Hermaphroditism
0
Culling
Some
Introgression
Minimal

Conservation

Priority
Medium
Cultivation Status
Active
Enforcement
Active eradication campaigns
Eradication Date
Not recorded

Cultivation details

The recorded population ranged from 1.5 to 3 m in height, with a flowering period of 16 to 20 weeks.

Waichin 'Thal' Feral Selection 2022

ZOM-IND-HIM-1020220013

Feral · Selection, multiple plants

Waichin · 3,013 m

#5

Classification

Classification
Feral
Accession Type
Selection
Selection Type
Multiple plants
Sexual Character
Dioecious
Pollination Type
Open pollination
Flowering Time
16 to 20 weeks
Plant Height
1.5 to 3 m
Photoperiod
Short-day
Chemotype
Not recorded

Botanical

Growth Pattern
Not recorded
Branching
Not recorded
Leaf
Intermediate
Leaflets
Not recorded
Leaf Colour
Not recorded
Stem Colour
Not recorded
Stigma Colour
Not recorded
Serration
Not recorded
Flower Structure
Not recorded

Aroma and effects

Aroma
Not recorded
Effect
Not recorded

Processing and purpose

Processing
Charas
Processing Notes
Not recorded
Purpose
Not recorded

Geography

Growing Region
Western Himalayas
Growing Area
Malana Valley
Appellation
Waichin
Country
India
Province
Himachal Pradesh
District
Kullu District
Tehsil
Bhuntar Tehsil
Block
Bhuntar Block
Locality
Waichin
Field
Thal
Coordinates
32.101758, 77.309196
Elevation
3,013 m
Aspect
Not recorded

Traditional name

Local Name
Not recorded
Pronunciation
Not recorded
Translation
Not recorded
Synonyms
Not recorded

Collection

Method
Seeds
Sourcing Type
Point of origin
Autochthonous
Yes
Collection Date
Not recorded
Harvest Date
2022
Collector
Éloïse
Farmer
Not recorded
Expedition
Himachal 2022

Cultivation

Cultivation System
Not recorded
Scale
Widespread feral populations
Seed Sourcing
Population is self reproducing
Planting Method
Not recorded
Cycle 1 planting
Not recorded
Cycle 1 harvest
Not recorded
Cycle 2 planting
Not recorded
Cycle 2 harvest
Not recorded
Soil Type
Not recorded
Soil pH
Not recorded

Population

Estimate
Not recorded
Male to Female
30
Hermaphroditism
0
Culling
No
Introgression
Minimal

Conservation

Priority
Low
Cultivation Status
Active
Enforcement
Active eradication campaigns
Eradication Date
Not recorded

Cultivation details

The recorded population ranged from 1.5 to 3 m in height, with a flowering period of 16 to 20 weeks.

Waichin Feral Selection 2022

ZOM-IND-HIM-1020220014

Feral · Selection, multiple plants

Waichin · 2,891 m

#6

Classification

Classification
Feral
Accession Type
Selection
Selection Type
Multiple plants
Sexual Character
Dioecious
Pollination Type
Open pollination
Flowering Time
16 to 20 weeks
Plant Height
1.5 to 3 m
Photoperiod
Short-day
Chemotype
Not recorded

Botanical

Growth Pattern
Not recorded
Branching
Not recorded
Leaf
Intermediate
Leaflets
Not recorded
Leaf Colour
Not recorded
Stem Colour
Not recorded
Stigma Colour
Not recorded
Serration
Not recorded
Flower Structure
Not recorded

Aroma and effects

Aroma
Not recorded
Effect
Not recorded

Processing and purpose

Processing
Charas
Processing Notes
Not recorded
Purpose
Not recorded

Geography

Growing Region
Western Himalayas
Growing Area
Malana Valley
Appellation
Waichin
Country
India
Province
Himachal Pradesh
District
Kullu District
Tehsil
Bhuntar Tehsil
Block
Bhuntar Block
Locality
Waichin
Field
Not recorded
Coordinates
32.096735, 77.287072
Elevation
2,891 m
Aspect
Not recorded

Traditional name

Local Name
Not recorded
Pronunciation
Not recorded
Translation
Not recorded
Synonyms
Not recorded

Collection

Method
Seeds
Sourcing Type
Point of origin
Autochthonous
Yes
Collection Date
Not recorded
Harvest Date
2022
Collector
Éloïse
Farmer
Not recorded
Expedition
Himachal 2022

Cultivation

Cultivation System
Not recorded
Scale
Widespread feral populations
Seed Sourcing
Population is self reproducing
Planting Method
Not recorded
Cycle 1 planting
March to May
Cycle 1 harvest
September to December
Cycle 2 planting
Not applicable
Cycle 2 harvest
Not applicable
Soil Type
Not recorded
Soil pH
Not recorded

Population

Estimate
Not recorded
Male to Female
30
Hermaphroditism
0
Culling
No
Introgression
Minimal

Conservation

Priority
Low
Cultivation Status
Active
Enforcement
Active eradication campaigns
Eradication Date
Not recorded

Cultivation details

The recorded population ranged from 1.5 to 3 m in height, with a flowering period of 16 to 20 weeks.

Wailing

Wailing carries three accessions at one recorded elevation, 2,828 m: the general population, village selection and feral selection.

Layered mountain ridges and clouds above a Wailing cannabis field.
The mountain country above a Wailing cannabis field.

Wailing General Population 2022

ZOM-IND-HIM-1020220015

Landrace · General population

Wailing · 2,828 m

#1

Classification

Classification
Landrace
Accession Type
General population
Selection Type
Not recorded
Sexual Character
Dioecious
Pollination Type
Open pollination
Flowering Time
16 to 20 weeks
Plant Height
1.5 to 3 m
Photoperiod
Short-day
Chemotype
Not recorded

Botanical

Growth Pattern
Not recorded
Branching
Not recorded
Leaf
Intermediate
Leaflets
Not recorded
Leaf Colour
Not recorded
Stem Colour
Not recorded
Stigma Colour
Not recorded
Serration
Not recorded
Flower Structure
Not recorded

Aroma and effects

Aroma
Not recorded
Effect
Not recorded

Processing and purpose

Processing
Charas
Processing Notes
Not recorded
Purpose
Multipurpose

Geography

Growing Region
Western Himalayas
Growing Area
Malana Valley
Appellation
Wailing
Country
India
Province
Himachal Pradesh
District
Kullu District
Tehsil
Bhuntar Tehsil
Block
Bhuntar Block
Locality
Wailing
Field
Not recorded
Coordinates
32.087223, 77.273906
Elevation
2,828 m
Aspect
Not recorded

Traditional name

Local Name
गाँजा
Pronunciation
Gāñjā
Translation
Not recorded
Synonyms
Not recorded

Collection

Method
Seeds
Sourcing Type
Point of origin
Autochthonous
Yes
Collection Date
Not recorded
Harvest Date
2022
Collector
Éloïse
Farmer
Not recorded
Expedition
Himachal 2022

Cultivation

Cultivation System
Not recorded
Scale
Widespread regional cultivation
Seed Sourcing
Seeds are grown on the farm
Planting Method
Not recorded
Cycle 1 planting
March to May
Cycle 1 harvest
September to December
Cycle 2 planting
Not applicable
Cycle 2 harvest
Not applicable
Soil Type
Not recorded
Soil pH
Not recorded

Population

Estimate
Not recorded
Male to Female
10
Hermaphroditism
0
Culling
Some
Introgression
Minimal

Conservation

Priority
Medium
Cultivation Status
Active
Enforcement
Active eradication campaigns
Eradication Date
Not recorded

Cultivation details

The recorded population ranged from 1.5 to 3 m in height, with a flowering period of 16 to 20 weeks.

Wailing 'Village' Selection 2022

ZOM-IND-HIM-1020220016

Landrace · Selection, multiple plants

Wailing · 2,828 m

#2

Classification

Classification
Landrace
Accession Type
Selection
Selection Type
Multiple plants
Sexual Character
Dioecious
Pollination Type
Open pollination
Flowering Time
16 to 20 weeks
Plant Height
1.5 to 3 m
Photoperiod
Short-day
Chemotype
Not recorded

Botanical

Growth Pattern
Not recorded
Branching
Not recorded
Leaf
Intermediate
Leaflets
Not recorded
Leaf Colour
Not recorded
Stem Colour
Not recorded
Stigma Colour
Not recorded
Serration
Not recorded
Flower Structure
Not recorded

Aroma and effects

Aroma
Not recorded
Effect
Not recorded

Processing and purpose

Processing
Charas
Processing Notes
Not recorded
Purpose
Not recorded

Geography

Growing Region
Western Himalayas
Growing Area
Malana Valley
Appellation
Wailing
Country
India
Province
Himachal Pradesh
District
Kullu District
Tehsil
Bhuntar Tehsil
Block
Bhuntar Block
Locality
Wailing
Field
Not recorded
Coordinates
32.087223, 77.273906
Elevation
2,828 m
Aspect
Not recorded

Traditional name

Local Name
गाँजा
Pronunciation
Gāñjā
Translation
Not recorded
Synonyms
Not recorded

Collection

Method
Seeds
Sourcing Type
Point of origin
Autochthonous
Yes
Collection Date
Not recorded
Harvest Date
2022
Collector
Éloïse
Farmer
Not recorded
Expedition
Himachal 2022

Cultivation

Cultivation System
Not recorded
Scale
Widespread regional cultivation
Seed Sourcing
Seeds are grown on the farm
Planting Method
Not recorded
Cycle 1 planting
Not recorded
Cycle 1 harvest
Not recorded
Cycle 2 planting
Not recorded
Cycle 2 harvest
Not recorded
Soil Type
Not recorded
Soil pH
Not recorded

Population

Estimate
Not recorded
Male to Female
10
Hermaphroditism
0
Culling
Some
Introgression
Minimal

Conservation

Priority
Medium
Cultivation Status
Active
Enforcement
Active eradication campaigns
Eradication Date
Not recorded

Cultivation details

The recorded population ranged from 1.5 to 3 m in height, with a flowering period of 16 to 20 weeks.

Wailing Feral Selection 2022

ZOM-IND-HIM-1020220017

Feral · Selection, multiple plants

Wailing · 2,828 m

#3

Classification

Classification
Feral
Accession Type
Selection
Selection Type
Multiple plants
Sexual Character
Dioecious
Pollination Type
Open pollination
Flowering Time
16 to 20 weeks
Plant Height
1.5 to 3 m
Photoperiod
Short-day
Chemotype
Not recorded

Botanical

Growth Pattern
Not recorded
Branching
Not recorded
Leaf
Intermediate
Leaflets
Not recorded
Leaf Colour
Not recorded
Stem Colour
Not recorded
Stigma Colour
Not recorded
Serration
Not recorded
Flower Structure
Not recorded

Aroma and effects

Aroma
Not recorded
Effect
Not recorded

Processing and purpose

Processing
Charas
Processing Notes
Not recorded
Purpose
Not recorded

Geography

Growing Region
Western Himalayas
Growing Area
Malana Valley
Appellation
Wailing
Country
India
Province
Himachal Pradesh
District
Kullu District
Tehsil
Bhuntar Tehsil
Block
Bhuntar Block
Locality
Wailing
Field
Not recorded
Coordinates
32.087223, 77.273906
Elevation
2,828 m
Aspect
Not recorded

Traditional name

Local Name
Not recorded
Pronunciation
Not recorded
Translation
Not recorded
Synonyms
Not recorded

Collection

Method
Seeds
Sourcing Type
Point of origin
Autochthonous
Yes
Collection Date
Not recorded
Harvest Date
2022
Collector
Éloïse
Farmer
Not recorded
Expedition
Himachal 2022

Cultivation

Cultivation System
Not recorded
Scale
Widespread feral populations
Seed Sourcing
Population is self reproducing
Planting Method
Not recorded
Cycle 1 planting
Not recorded
Cycle 1 harvest
Not recorded
Cycle 2 planting
Not recorded
Cycle 2 harvest
Not recorded
Soil Type
Not recorded
Soil pH
Not recorded

Population

Estimate
Not recorded
Male to Female
30
Hermaphroditism
0
Culling
No
Introgression
Minimal

Conservation

Priority
Low
Cultivation Status
Active
Enforcement
Active eradication campaigns
Eradication Date
Not recorded

Cultivation details

The recorded population ranged from 1.5 to 3 m in height, with a flowering period of 16 to 20 weeks.

Nirang and Bhutoling, 23 to 26 October

After the first period in Waichin, Éloïse ran short of money and moved back to Nirang and Bhutoling, where she could stay more cheaply and still reach the fields. Nirang became a working base rather than a transit point. Its five accessions include the general population, Bhutoling, Top, Black and feral selections. None carries an elevation in the register, and no elevation is introduced here.

Nirang General Population 2022

ZOM-IND-HIM-1020220028

Landrace · General population

Nirang

#1

Classification

Classification
Landrace
Accession Type
General population
Selection Type
Not recorded
Sexual Character
Dioecious
Pollination Type
Open pollination
Flowering Time
16 to 20 weeks
Plant Height
1.5 to 3 m
Photoperiod
Short-day
Chemotype
Not recorded

Botanical

Growth Pattern
Not recorded
Branching
Not recorded
Leaf
Intermediate
Leaflets
Not recorded
Leaf Colour
Not recorded
Stem Colour
Not recorded
Stigma Colour
Not recorded
Serration
Not recorded
Flower Structure
Not recorded

Aroma and effects

Aroma
Not recorded
Effect
Not recorded

Processing and purpose

Processing
Charas
Processing Notes
Not recorded
Purpose
Not recorded

Geography

Growing Region
Western Himalayas
Growing Area
Malana Valley
Appellation
Nirang
Country
India
Province
Himachal Pradesh
District
Kullu District
Tehsil
Bhuntar Tehsil
Block
Bhuntar Block
Locality
Nirang
Field
Not recorded
Coordinates
32.060101, 77.269991
Elevation
Not recorded
Aspect
Not recorded

Traditional name

Local Name
गाँजा
Pronunciation
Gāñjā
Translation
Not recorded
Synonyms
Not recorded

Collection

Method
Seeds
Sourcing Type
Point of origin
Autochthonous
Yes
Collection Date
Not recorded
Harvest Date
2022
Collector
Éloïse
Farmer
Not recorded
Expedition
Himachal 2022

Cultivation

Cultivation System
Not recorded
Scale
Widespread regional cultivation
Seed Sourcing
Seeds are grown on the farm
Planting Method
Not recorded
Cycle 1 planting
Not recorded
Cycle 1 harvest
Not recorded
Cycle 2 planting
Not recorded
Cycle 2 harvest
Not recorded
Soil Type
Not recorded
Soil pH
Not recorded

Population

Estimate
Not recorded
Male to Female
10
Hermaphroditism
0
Culling
Some
Introgression
Minimal

Conservation

Priority
Medium
Cultivation Status
Active
Enforcement
Active eradication campaigns
Eradication Date
Not recorded

Cultivation details

The recorded population ranged from 1.5 to 3 m in height, with a flowering period of 16 to 20 weeks.

Nirang 'Bhutoling' Selection 2022

ZOM-IND-HIM-1020220029

Landrace · Selection, multiple plants

Nirang

#2

Classification

Classification
Landrace
Accession Type
Selection
Selection Type
Multiple plants
Sexual Character
Dioecious
Pollination Type
Open pollination
Flowering Time
16 to 20 weeks
Plant Height
1.5 to 3 m
Photoperiod
Short-day
Chemotype
Not recorded

Botanical

Growth Pattern
Not recorded
Branching
Not recorded
Leaf
Intermediate
Leaflets
Not recorded
Leaf Colour
Not recorded
Stem Colour
Not recorded
Stigma Colour
Not recorded
Serration
Not recorded
Flower Structure
Not recorded

Aroma and effects

Aroma
Not recorded
Effect
Not recorded

Processing and purpose

Processing
Charas
Processing Notes
Not recorded
Purpose
Not recorded

Geography

Growing Region
Western Himalayas
Growing Area
Malana Valley
Appellation
Nirang
Country
India
Province
Himachal Pradesh
District
Kullu District
Tehsil
Bhuntar Tehsil
Block
Bhuntar Block
Locality
Nirang
Field
Not recorded
Coordinates
32.058108, 77.272936
Elevation
Not recorded
Aspect
Not recorded

Traditional name

Local Name
गाँजा
Pronunciation
Gāñjā
Translation
Not recorded
Synonyms
Not recorded

Collection

Method
Seeds
Sourcing Type
Point of origin
Autochthonous
Yes
Collection Date
Not recorded
Harvest Date
2022
Collector
Éloïse
Farmer
Not recorded
Expedition
Himachal 2022

Cultivation

Cultivation System
Not recorded
Scale
Widespread regional cultivation
Seed Sourcing
Seeds are grown on the farm
Planting Method
Not recorded
Cycle 1 planting
Not recorded
Cycle 1 harvest
Not recorded
Cycle 2 planting
Not recorded
Cycle 2 harvest
Not recorded
Soil Type
Not recorded
Soil pH
Not recorded

Population

Estimate
Not recorded
Male to Female
10
Hermaphroditism
0
Culling
Some
Introgression
Minimal

Conservation

Priority
Medium
Cultivation Status
Active
Enforcement
Active eradication campaigns
Eradication Date
Not recorded

Cultivation details

The recorded population ranged from 1.5 to 3 m in height, with a flowering period of 16 to 20 weeks.

Nirang 'Top' Selection 2022

ZOM-IND-HIM-1020220030

Landrace · Selection, multiple plants

Nirang

#3

Classification

Classification
Landrace
Accession Type
Selection
Selection Type
Multiple plants
Sexual Character
Dioecious
Pollination Type
Open pollination
Flowering Time
16 to 20 weeks
Plant Height
1.5 to 3 m
Photoperiod
Short-day
Chemotype
Not recorded

Botanical

Growth Pattern
Not recorded
Branching
Not recorded
Leaf
Intermediate
Leaflets
Not recorded
Leaf Colour
Not recorded
Stem Colour
Not recorded
Stigma Colour
Not recorded
Serration
Not recorded
Flower Structure
Not recorded

Aroma and effects

Aroma
Not recorded
Effect
Not recorded

Processing and purpose

Processing
Charas
Processing Notes
Not recorded
Purpose
Not recorded

Geography

Growing Region
Western Himalayas
Growing Area
Malana Valley
Appellation
Nirang
Country
India
Province
Himachal Pradesh
District
Kullu District
Tehsil
Bhuntar Tehsil
Block
Bhuntar Block
Locality
Nirang
Field
Nirang Top
Coordinates
32.060157, 77.277913
Elevation
Not recorded
Aspect
Not recorded

Traditional name

Local Name
गाँजा
Pronunciation
Gāñjā
Translation
Not recorded
Synonyms
Not recorded

Collection

Method
Seeds
Sourcing Type
Point of origin
Autochthonous
Yes
Collection Date
Not recorded
Harvest Date
2022
Collector
Éloïse
Farmer
Not recorded
Expedition
Himachal 2022

Cultivation

Cultivation System
Not recorded
Scale
Widespread regional cultivation
Seed Sourcing
Seeds are grown on the farm
Planting Method
Not recorded
Cycle 1 planting
Not recorded
Cycle 1 harvest
Not recorded
Cycle 2 planting
Not recorded
Cycle 2 harvest
Not recorded
Soil Type
Not recorded
Soil pH
Not recorded

Population

Estimate
Not recorded
Male to Female
10
Hermaphroditism
0
Culling
Some
Introgression
Minimal

Conservation

Priority
Medium
Cultivation Status
Active
Enforcement
Active eradication campaigns
Eradication Date
Not recorded

Cultivation details

The recorded population ranged from 1.5 to 3 m in height, with a flowering period of 16 to 20 weeks.

Nirang 'Black' Selection 2022

ZOM-IND-HIM-1020220031

Landrace · Selection, multiple plants

Nirang

#4

Classification

Classification
Landrace
Accession Type
Selection
Selection Type
Multiple plants
Sexual Character
Dioecious
Pollination Type
Open pollination
Flowering Time
16 to 20 weeks
Plant Height
1.5 to 3 m
Photoperiod
Short-day
Chemotype
Not recorded

Botanical

Growth Pattern
Not recorded
Branching
Not recorded
Leaf
Intermediate
Leaflets
Not recorded
Leaf Colour
Not recorded
Stem Colour
Not recorded
Stigma Colour
Not recorded
Serration
Not recorded
Flower Structure
Not recorded

Aroma and effects

Aroma
Not recorded
Effect
Not recorded

Processing and purpose

Processing
Charas
Processing Notes
Not recorded
Purpose
Not recorded

Geography

Growing Region
Western Himalayas
Growing Area
Malana Valley
Appellation
Nirang
Country
India
Province
Himachal Pradesh
District
Kullu District
Tehsil
Bhuntar Tehsil
Block
Bhuntar Block
Locality
Nirang
Field
Not recorded
Coordinates
32.059530, 77.273289
Elevation
Not recorded
Aspect
Not recorded

Traditional name

Local Name
गाँजा
Pronunciation
Gāñjā
Translation
Not recorded
Synonyms
Not recorded

Collection

Method
Seeds
Sourcing Type
Point of origin
Autochthonous
Yes
Collection Date
Not recorded
Harvest Date
2022
Collector
Éloïse
Farmer
Not recorded
Expedition
Himachal 2022

Cultivation

Cultivation System
Not recorded
Scale
Widespread regional cultivation
Seed Sourcing
Seeds are grown on the farm
Planting Method
Not recorded
Cycle 1 planting
Not recorded
Cycle 1 harvest
Not recorded
Cycle 2 planting
Not recorded
Cycle 2 harvest
Not recorded
Soil Type
Not recorded
Soil pH
Not recorded

Population

Estimate
Not recorded
Male to Female
10
Hermaphroditism
0
Culling
Some
Introgression
Minimal

Conservation

Priority
Medium
Cultivation Status
Active
Enforcement
Active eradication campaigns
Eradication Date
Not recorded

Cultivation details

The recorded population ranged from 1.5 to 3 m in height, with a flowering period of 16 to 20 weeks.

Nirang 'Feral' Selection 2022

ZOM-IND-HIM-1020220032

Feral · Selection, multiple plants

Nirang

#5

Classification

Classification
Feral
Accession Type
Selection
Selection Type
Multiple plants
Sexual Character
Dioecious
Pollination Type
Open pollination
Flowering Time
16 to 20 weeks
Plant Height
1.5 to 3 m
Photoperiod
Short-day
Chemotype
Not recorded

Botanical

Growth Pattern
Not recorded
Branching
Not recorded
Leaf
Intermediate
Leaflets
Not recorded
Leaf Colour
Not recorded
Stem Colour
Not recorded
Stigma Colour
Not recorded
Serration
Not recorded
Flower Structure
Not recorded

Aroma and effects

Aroma
Not recorded
Effect
Not recorded

Processing and purpose

Processing
Charas
Processing Notes
Not recorded
Purpose
Not recorded

Geography

Growing Region
Western Himalayas
Growing Area
Malana Valley
Appellation
Nirang
Country
India
Province
Himachal Pradesh
District
Kullu District
Tehsil
Bhuntar Tehsil
Block
Bhuntar Block
Locality
Nirang
Field
Not recorded
Coordinates
32.057411, 77.271368
Elevation
Not recorded
Aspect
Not recorded

Traditional name

Local Name
Not recorded
Pronunciation
Not recorded
Translation
Not recorded
Synonyms
Not recorded

Collection

Method
Seeds
Sourcing Type
Point of origin
Autochthonous
Yes
Collection Date
Not recorded
Harvest Date
2022
Collector
Éloïse
Farmer
Not recorded
Expedition
Himachal 2022

Cultivation

Cultivation System
Not recorded
Scale
Widespread feral populations
Seed Sourcing
Population is self reproducing
Planting Method
Not recorded
Cycle 1 planting
Not recorded
Cycle 1 harvest
Not recorded
Cycle 2 planting
Not recorded
Cycle 2 harvest
Not recorded
Soil Type
Not recorded
Soil pH
Not recorded

Population

Estimate
Not recorded
Male to Female
30
Hermaphroditism
0
Culling
No
Introgression
Minimal

Conservation

Priority
Low
Cultivation Status
Active
Enforcement
Active eradication campaigns
Eradication Date
Not recorded

Cultivation details

The recorded population ranged from 1.5 to 3 m in height, with a flowering period of 16 to 20 weeks.

Atolang, 27 October

Atolang closed the recorded collecting route in the Malana Valley. Four accessions sit at 2,779 m and the Upper selection rises to 3,062 m. The selection named for Kishan, a pseudonym already used on the public accession record, is the only one on this expedition named for a person rather than a field or settlement.

Atolang General Population 2022

ZOM-IND-HIM-1020220018

Landrace · General population

Atolang · 2,779 m

#1

Classification

Classification
Landrace
Accession Type
General population
Selection Type
Not recorded
Sexual Character
Dioecious
Pollination Type
Open pollination
Flowering Time
16 to 20 weeks
Plant Height
1.5 to 3 m
Photoperiod
Short-day
Chemotype
Not recorded

Botanical

Growth Pattern
Not recorded
Branching
Not recorded
Leaf
Intermediate
Leaflets
Not recorded
Leaf Colour
Not recorded
Stem Colour
Not recorded
Stigma Colour
Not recorded
Serration
Not recorded
Flower Structure
Not recorded

Aroma and effects

Aroma
Not recorded
Effect
Not recorded

Processing and purpose

Processing
Charas
Processing Notes
Not recorded
Purpose
Multipurpose

Geography

Growing Region
Western Himalayas
Growing Area
Malana Valley
Appellation
Atolang
Country
India
Province
Himachal Pradesh
District
Kullu District
Tehsil
Bhuntar Tehsil
Block
Bhuntar Block
Locality
Atolang
Field
Not recorded
Coordinates
32.089441, 77.280067
Elevation
2,779 m
Aspect
Not recorded

Traditional name

Local Name
गाँजा
Pronunciation
Gāñjā
Translation
Not recorded
Synonyms
Not recorded

Collection

Method
Seeds
Sourcing Type
Point of origin
Autochthonous
Yes
Collection Date
Not recorded
Harvest Date
2022
Collector
Éloïse
Farmer
Not recorded
Expedition
Himachal 2022

Cultivation

Cultivation System
Not recorded
Scale
Widespread regional cultivation
Seed Sourcing
Seeds are grown on the farm
Planting Method
Not recorded
Cycle 1 planting
March to May
Cycle 1 harvest
September to December
Cycle 2 planting
Not applicable
Cycle 2 harvest
Not applicable
Soil Type
Not recorded
Soil pH
Not recorded

Population

Estimate
Not recorded
Male to Female
10
Hermaphroditism
0
Culling
Some
Introgression
Minimal

Conservation

Priority
Medium
Cultivation Status
Active
Enforcement
Active eradication campaigns
Eradication Date
Not recorded

Cultivation details

The recorded population ranged from 1.5 to 3 m in height, with a flowering period of 16 to 20 weeks.

Atolang 'Village' Selection 2022

ZOM-IND-HIM-1020220019

Landrace · Multiple plants, multiple plants

Atolang · 2,779 m

#2

Classification

Classification
Landrace
Accession Type
Multiple plants
Selection Type
Multiple plants
Sexual Character
Dioecious
Pollination Type
Open pollination
Flowering Time
16 to 20 weeks
Plant Height
1.5 to 3 m
Photoperiod
Short-day
Chemotype
Not recorded

Botanical

Growth Pattern
Not recorded
Branching
Not recorded
Leaf
Intermediate
Leaflets
Not recorded
Leaf Colour
Not recorded
Stem Colour
Not recorded
Stigma Colour
Not recorded
Serration
Not recorded
Flower Structure
Not recorded

Aroma and effects

Aroma
Not recorded
Effect
Not recorded

Processing and purpose

Processing
Charas
Processing Notes
Not recorded
Purpose
Not recorded

Geography

Growing Region
Western Himalayas
Growing Area
Malana Valley
Appellation
Atolang
Country
India
Province
Himachal Pradesh
District
Kullu District
Tehsil
Bhuntar Tehsil
Block
Bhuntar Block
Locality
Atolang
Field
Not recorded
Coordinates
32.089441, 77.280067
Elevation
2,779 m
Aspect
Not recorded

Traditional name

Local Name
गाँजा
Pronunciation
Gāñjā
Translation
Not recorded
Synonyms
Not recorded

Collection

Method
Seeds
Sourcing Type
Point of origin
Autochthonous
Yes
Collection Date
Not recorded
Harvest Date
2022
Collector
Éloïse
Farmer
Not recorded
Expedition
Himachal 2022

Cultivation

Cultivation System
Not recorded
Scale
Widespread regional cultivation
Seed Sourcing
Seeds are grown on the farm
Planting Method
Not recorded
Cycle 1 planting
Not recorded
Cycle 1 harvest
Not recorded
Cycle 2 planting
Not recorded
Cycle 2 harvest
Not recorded
Soil Type
Not recorded
Soil pH
Not recorded

Population

Estimate
Not recorded
Male to Female
10
Hermaphroditism
0
Culling
Some
Introgression
Minimal

Conservation

Priority
Medium
Cultivation Status
Active
Enforcement
Active eradication campaigns
Eradication Date
Not recorded

Cultivation details

The recorded population ranged from 1.5 to 3 m in height, with a flowering period of 16 to 20 weeks.

Atolang 'Upper' Selection 2022

ZOM-IND-HIM-1020220020

Landrace · Multiple plants, multiple plants

Atolang · 3,062 m

#3

Classification

Classification
Landrace
Accession Type
Multiple plants
Selection Type
Multiple plants
Sexual Character
Dioecious
Pollination Type
Open pollination
Flowering Time
16 to 20 weeks
Plant Height
1.5 to 3 m
Photoperiod
Short-day
Chemotype
Not recorded

Botanical

Growth Pattern
Not recorded
Branching
Not recorded
Leaf
Intermediate
Leaflets
Not recorded
Leaf Colour
Not recorded
Stem Colour
Not recorded
Stigma Colour
Not recorded
Serration
Not recorded
Flower Structure
Not recorded

Aroma and effects

Aroma
Not recorded
Effect
Not recorded

Processing and purpose

Processing
Charas
Processing Notes
Not recorded
Purpose
Not recorded

Geography

Growing Region
Western Himalayas
Growing Area
Malana Valley
Appellation
Atolang
Country
India
Province
Himachal Pradesh
District
Kullu District
Tehsil
Bhuntar Tehsil
Block
Bhuntar Block
Locality
Atolang
Field
Atolang Upper
Coordinates
32.094897, 77.280308
Elevation
3,062 m
Aspect
Not recorded

Traditional name

Local Name
गाँजा
Pronunciation
Gāñjā
Translation
Not recorded
Synonyms
Not recorded

Collection

Method
Seeds
Sourcing Type
Point of origin
Autochthonous
Yes
Collection Date
Not recorded
Harvest Date
2022
Collector
Éloïse
Farmer
Not recorded
Expedition
Himachal 2022

Cultivation

Cultivation System
Not recorded
Scale
Widespread regional cultivation
Seed Sourcing
Seeds are grown on the farm
Planting Method
Not recorded
Cycle 1 planting
Not recorded
Cycle 1 harvest
Not recorded
Cycle 2 planting
Not recorded
Cycle 2 harvest
Not recorded
Soil Type
Not recorded
Soil pH
Not recorded

Population

Estimate
Not recorded
Male to Female
10
Hermaphroditism
0
Culling
Some
Introgression
Minimal

Conservation

Priority
Medium
Cultivation Status
Active
Enforcement
Active eradication campaigns
Eradication Date
Not recorded

Cultivation details

The recorded population ranged from 1.5 to 3 m in height, with a flowering period of 16 to 20 weeks.

Atolang 'Kishan's' Selection 2022

ZOM-IND-HIM-1020220021

Landrace · Multiple plants, multiple plants

Atolang · 2,779 m

#4

Classification

Classification
Landrace
Accession Type
Multiple plants
Selection Type
Multiple plants
Sexual Character
Dioecious
Pollination Type
Open pollination
Flowering Time
16 to 20 weeks
Plant Height
1.5 to 3 m
Photoperiod
Short-day
Chemotype
Not recorded

Botanical

Growth Pattern
Not recorded
Branching
Not recorded
Leaf
Intermediate
Leaflets
Not recorded
Leaf Colour
Not recorded
Stem Colour
Not recorded
Stigma Colour
Not recorded
Serration
Not recorded
Flower Structure
Not recorded

Aroma and effects

Aroma
Not recorded
Effect
Not recorded

Processing and purpose

Processing
Charas
Processing Notes
Not recorded
Purpose
Not recorded

Geography

Growing Region
Western Himalayas
Growing Area
Malana Valley
Appellation
Atolang
Country
India
Province
Himachal Pradesh
District
Kullu District
Tehsil
Bhuntar Tehsil
Block
Bhuntar Block
Locality
Atolang
Field
Not recorded
Coordinates
32.089441, 77.280067
Elevation
2,779 m
Aspect
Not recorded

Traditional name

Local Name
गाँजा
Pronunciation
Gāñjā
Translation
Not recorded
Synonyms
Not recorded

Collection

Method
Seeds
Sourcing Type
Point of origin
Autochthonous
Yes
Collection Date
Not recorded
Harvest Date
2022
Collector
Éloïse
Farmer
Not recorded
Expedition
Himachal 2022

Cultivation

Cultivation System
Not recorded
Scale
Widespread regional cultivation
Seed Sourcing
Seeds are grown on the farm
Planting Method
Not recorded
Cycle 1 planting
Not recorded
Cycle 1 harvest
Not recorded
Cycle 2 planting
Not recorded
Cycle 2 harvest
Not recorded
Soil Type
Not recorded
Soil pH
Not recorded

Population

Estimate
Not recorded
Male to Female
10
Hermaphroditism
0
Culling
Some
Introgression
Minimal

Conservation

Priority
Medium
Cultivation Status
Active
Enforcement
Active eradication campaigns
Eradication Date
Not recorded

Cultivation details

The recorded population ranged from 1.5 to 3 m in height, with a flowering period of 16 to 20 weeks.

Atolang Feral Selection 2022

ZOM-IND-HIM-1020220022

Feral · Multiple plants, multiple plants

Atolang · 2,779 m

#5

Classification

Classification
Feral
Accession Type
Multiple plants
Selection Type
Multiple plants
Sexual Character
Dioecious
Pollination Type
Open pollination
Flowering Time
16 to 20 weeks
Plant Height
1.5 to 3 m
Photoperiod
Short-day
Chemotype
Not recorded

Botanical

Growth Pattern
Not recorded
Branching
Not recorded
Leaf
Intermediate
Leaflets
Not recorded
Leaf Colour
Not recorded
Stem Colour
Not recorded
Stigma Colour
Not recorded
Serration
Not recorded
Flower Structure
Not recorded

Aroma and effects

Aroma
Not recorded
Effect
Not recorded

Processing and purpose

Processing
Charas
Processing Notes
Not recorded
Purpose
Not recorded

Geography

Growing Region
Western Himalayas
Growing Area
Malana Valley
Appellation
Atolang
Country
India
Province
Himachal Pradesh
District
Kullu District
Tehsil
Bhuntar Tehsil
Block
Bhuntar Block
Locality
Atolang
Field
Not recorded
Coordinates
32.089441, 77.280067
Elevation
2,779 m
Aspect
Not recorded

Traditional name

Local Name
Not recorded
Pronunciation
Not recorded
Translation
Not recorded
Synonyms
Not recorded

Collection

Method
Seeds
Sourcing Type
Point of origin
Autochthonous
Yes
Collection Date
Not recorded
Harvest Date
2022
Collector
Éloïse
Farmer
Not recorded
Expedition
Himachal 2022

Cultivation

Cultivation System
Not recorded
Scale
Widespread feral populations
Seed Sourcing
Population is self reproducing
Planting Method
Not recorded
Cycle 1 planting
March to May
Cycle 1 harvest
September to December
Cycle 2 planting
Not applicable
Cycle 2 harvest
Not applicable
Soil Type
Not recorded
Soil pH
Not recorded

Population

Estimate
Not recorded
Male to Female
30
Hermaphroditism
0
Culling
No
Introgression
Minimal

Conservation

Priority
Low
Cultivation Status
Active
Enforcement
Active eradication campaigns
Eradication Date
Not recorded

Cultivation details

The recorded population ranged from 1.5 to 3 m in height, with a flowering period of 16 to 20 weeks.

Conclusion

HIMA01 produced 74 accessions across three adjacent valley systems, but its main result is the relation between altitude, time and access. The village population is repeatedly the base of the record. Named fields sit above it, and return visits follow the ripening crop rather than a fixed itinerary. Seed in quantity entered the collection when the crop was rubbed, which kept the expedition in Himachal for more than two months and required return journeys to Rasol and Lapas.

The expedition also established the contacts that later work in Himachal would depend on. Ravi in Grahan, Prem Baba in Lapas and Kishan in Atolang all remained in contact after 2022. The pass that drew Éloïse to Rumsu remained unfinished on this trip. She crossed it the following year on HIMA02.

Cite this report

Cite as ZomiaFR6

Éloïse (2026). Himachal Pradesh, August to December 2022. Zomia Collective. ZomiaFR6. Version 0.1. https://www.zomiacollective.com/expeditions/hima01/himachal-2022

The wikitext landrace.wiki cites this with:

{{cite report |author=Éloïse |date=2026-08-26 |title=Himachal Pradesh, August to December 2022 |publisher=Zomia Collective |url=https://www.zomiacollective.com/expeditions/hima01/himachal-2022 |version=0.1 |id=ZomiaFR6}}

Website preview

This site is still under construction

You are very welcome to browse everything here. Ordering is not yet open on this version of the site.

Ready to place an order?

Please use our current shop while we finish building this one.

Go to the current shop

Before you browse

Confirm your details

Choose your location and language, confirm your age and decide how this site may use your browser. One screen, saved on this device.

We use this to show whether checkout can deliver there. It is not legal clearance.

Saved as your preference. The site remains in English until translations are ready.

Age

Privacy choices

Necessary storage keeps these answers, your language, basket, account and chat working. Optional statistics count pages, searches, clicks, speed and who is reading right now on our own server. We set no advertising cookies and share nothing with another company.

Optional session recordings replay how a visit moves around a page, kept for 30 days on our own server. Typed text and the account, basket and checkout pages are left out.

Privacy policy and storage details